影响强戒人员戒毒效果的心理社会因素研究  

Research of Social-mental Factors Affecting Proceeding Drug Rehabilitation Among Drug Abusers

作　　者：李建平 张治华 张峪清 曾莞勇 黎仕达 杨瑞东 隋学琼 王俊杰 郑洪波 LI Jianping;ZHANG Zhihua;ZHANG Yuqing;ZENG Guanyong;LI Shida;YANG Ruidong;SUI Xueqiong;WANG Junjie;ZHENG Hongbo(Guangzhou Baiyun psychological hospital,Guangzhou 510440,China;Guangzhou Baiyun Voluntary Drug Rehabilitation Hospital,Guangzhou 510440,China)

机构地区：[1]广州白云心理医院,广东广州510440 [2]广州白云自愿戒毒医院,广东广州510440

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2020年第4期50-54,共5页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

摘　　要：目的在毒品戒断治疗中复吸是一个关键性影响因素,通过系统性地分析影响复吸的心理社会因素为建立有中国特色的吸毒防治模式提供科学的参考依据。方法对242例正在接受“强戒”的戒毒人员进行了影响复发的心理社会因素的量表评估与分析,分为二组进行比较(首次强戒组和2次以上强戒组)。结果初次吸毒年龄越早的戒毒人员,其复吸的频率越高且戒毒效果越差;吸毒年限对戒毒效果有着显著的预测作用,吸毒年限越长的戒毒人员,其戒毒效果越差且复吸的次数越高;同时戒毒人员的文化程度也影响着戒毒人员的戒毒效果,文化程度越低的人,复吸的次数越高,戒毒效果越差;“消除性毒品渴求”的评分高低预测着戒毒人员入强戒所的次数。结论在戒断治疗中引入能够提高戒毒人员社会性的干预方案及引导戒毒人员去建立有效负性情绪应对策略和新的毒品认知行为模式,会有利于促进中国特色的戒毒防治模式的建立。Objective Investigate the social-mental factors that lead to drug relapse.Methods Ran multiple linear regression and mediation analysis on the result of the drug expectancy questionnaires completed by 242 drug abusers from the Compulsory Drug Abuse Abstinence program.Results The age of first drug use negatively predicted the possibility of drug relapses and the effect of drug interventions.Additionally,the longer the drug dependence history was,the poorer the effects of drug interventions and the higher the possibility of drug relapse.Drug abusers with better education background had a lower likelihood of drug relapses and would benefit more from drug treatments.Lastly,the extent of drug expectancy positively predicted the frequency of drug relapses.Conclusion It is beneficial to integrate treatment methods like guiding drug users to build up effective coping strategies to negative emotion and appropriate cognitive and behavioural understanding of drugs in drug interventions to prevent drug release.

关 键 词：海洛因 苯丙胺 强制戒毒 戒毒效果 复吸 心理社会因素 

分 类 号：DF795.3[医药卫生—法医学]