高精度断裂预测在随钻地震跟踪研究中的应用  

Application of high precision fault prediction in seismic interpretation while drilling

作　　者：徐博 刘永雷[1] 曾鸿 杨洋[1] 王熊飞[1] 窦磊 刘国威 XU Bo;LIU Yonglei;ZENG Hong;YANG Yang;WANG Xiongfei;DOU Lei;LIU Guowei(BGP、CNPC,Zhuozhou 072750,China;Tarim gas&oil field company、CNPC,Kuerle 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司,涿州072750 [2]中国石油天然气股份公司塔里木油田公司,库尔勒841000

出　　处：《物探化探计算技术》2020年第3期332-337,共6页Computing Techniques For Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05053)。

摘　　要：断层是引发钻井工程事故,延长钻井周期的一类重要地质原因之一。在钻遇断层破碎带时,极易发生井壁失稳,从而导致井壁垮塌、钻井液漏失、卡钻、甚至钻具断裂等事故的发生。此外,受断层附件地应力不均匀的影响,还会导致井眼轨迹控制难度加大以及套管的剪切变形的发生。因此,准确预测断层的空间位置、并依此优化井轨迹设计,可以有效地避免钻井工程事故的发生,从而缩短钻井周期,降低钻井费用。提出了一种多属性串联断裂预测方法,通过构造导向滤波,相干属性、结构张量以及蚂蚁追踪等属性的联合应用,可准确预测断裂发育位置,从而为钻井工程提供借鉴。该方法在塔里木盆地塔中地区缝洞型碳酸盐岩钻井中取得了很好的效果,断裂预测准确率达到了90.7%,从而很大程度上避免了工程负复杂请况的出现。Faults are one of the important geological reasons that cause drilling accidents and prolong drilling cycle.When drilling in fault fracture zone,wellbore instability is very easy to occur,which leads to wellbore collapse,drilling fluid leakage,sticking and even drilling tool broken.In addition,due to the influence of uneven in-situ stress in fault fracture zone,the difficulty of well trajectory control will be increased and even causing the occurrence of casing shear deformation.Therefore,accurately predicting the spatial location of faults can help optimizing well trajectory design and effectively avoid the occurrence of drilling engineering accidents,thus shortening the drilling cycle and reducing drilling costs.In this paper,a multi-attribute series fracture prediction method is proposed.Through the combined application of fault protection filtering,coherence attribute,structural tensor attribute and ant tracking attribute,the location of fracture development can be accurately predicted,which provides guidance for drilling engineering.This method has achieved good results in the drilling of fractured-cavity carbonate rocks in Tazhong area of Tarim basin,The accuracy rate of fracture prediction reaches 90.7%,which largely avoids the emergence of negative complex engineering situations.

关 键 词：随钻地震跟踪 钻井危害 构造导向滤波 结构张量 相干 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]