催化裂化催化剂铁污染研究进展  

Research progress of the iron contamination on the catalytic cracking catalysts

作　　者：李雪礼 侯硕旻 王启飞 张琰图[1] Li Xueli;Hou Shuomin;Wang Qifei;Zhang Yantu(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Yan'an University,Yan an 716000,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学化学与化工学院,陕西省化学反应工程重点实验室,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《工业催化》2020年第6期1-6,共6页Industrial Catalysis

基　　金：延安大学博士科研启动项目(YDBK2018-43);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(D2018035,S201910719079)。

摘　　要：介绍近年关于FCC催化剂铁中毒现象的研究进展。平衡剂上铁存在新鲜催化剂自身铁、原油原有铁和过程铁3个来源,其中,高酸原油的过程铁含量已不容忽视。催化裂化过程中,原料油中以环烷酸铁为主的铁物种不断沉积在催化剂的表面,与催化剂中的钠、氧化硅形成低熔点共熔物,形成覆盖平衡剂表面的光滑结构,堵塞催化剂的孔道,导致汽油产率下降,严重影响装置稳定运行。根据铁中毒的机理研究,提出加强人员技术交流与培训、提高分析检测频次、应用抗铁污染催化剂、铁中毒解决方案等预防和应急措施,为加工高铁含量原料油催化裂化装置的长期稳定运行提供技术参考。The research progress on iron contamination of FCC catalyst in recent years is introduced. There are three sources of iron on the equilibrium catalyst,which are the fresh catalyst iron,crude oil iron and process iron. The process iron content of high acid crude oil can not be ignored. During the FCC process,the iron species in the feed oil,mainly iron naphthenate,continuously deposite on the surface of the catalyst,forming a low melting point eutectic with sodium and silicon oxide in the catalyst,forming a smooth structure covering the surface of the equilibrium catalyst,blocking the pores of the catalyst,resulting in the decrease of the gasoline yield,and seriously affecting the stable operation of the unit. According to the mechanism research of iron poisoning,the preventive and emergency countermeasures,such as strengthening personnel training,improving analysis frequency,applying anti-iron contamination catalyst and iron poisoning solution,are put forward to provide technical reference for the long-term stable operation of FCC plant for processing high iron content of feedstock.

关 键 词：石油化学工程 催化裂化催化剂 重金属 铁污染 铁中毒机理 

分 类 号：TE624.9+1[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] O643.36+2[理学—物理化学]