中国传统民间组织文书的书写程式及其法律内涵——以民国时期徽州钱会会券为中心  

The Writing Formula of Chinese Traditional Civil Organization Documents and Its Legal Connotation——Centered on Huizhou Money Association Voucher of the Republic of China

作　　者：徐志强 XU Zhiqiang(School of Law,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 201620)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学法律学院,上海松江201620

出　　处：《合肥师范学院学报》2020年第2期66-73,共8页Journal of Hefei Normal University

摘　　要：《中国徽州文书·民国编》(第二辑)中,收录了民国时期徽州地区的21份钱会会券,从民国三年(1914年)至民国三十六年(1947年),记录了35年间徽州钱会组织的发展变化情况。会券是一种法律文书,具有相对统一的结构和格式化的表达程式,是一定时期一定区域社会经济关系的私法规范。从会券记载的内容来看,会券是钱会组织的章程,体现集体意志,维护成员共同利益并具有普遍适用效力;会券也是成员之间的契约,蕴含着信用与平等的价值理念;会券还是权利的凭证,证明会员专属资格,确立债权关系,表征财产利益并具有物权凭证功能。钱会会券以稳定且可预知的方式发挥作用,并作为私人领域经济活动的理性规范,与国家法律一起调整社会关系,共同维系着中国传统社会的秩序。The second series of China Huizhou Instruments(Republic of China)contains 21 money-council instruments from Huizhou region in the Republic of China period spanning from 1914 to 1947,which recorded the development and change of Huizhou Money Association organization within 35 years.This paper centers on these materials and starts with the writing formula of the voucher.It reveals that the voucher is a legal document with a relatively uniform structure and formatted expression formula,and it is aprivate law norm of social and economic relations in a certain region and period.From the contents of the vouchers recorded,the vouchers are the constitutions of the money association that embody the collective will,safeguard the common interests of the members and have universal applicable effect.The vouchers represent the property interest and have the function of property right.Money will be used as a rational norm of economic activities in the private sector,and together with national laws it is used to adjust social relations and maintain the order of traditional Chinese society.

关 键 词：徽州钱会 会券 书写程式 法律内涵 

分 类 号：DF418[政治法律—经济法学]