草地贪夜蛾在小麦和不同玉米品种上的种群适合度比较  

Comparison of population fitness of Spodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)feeding on wheat and different varieties of maize

作　　者：孙悦 刘晓光[2] 吕国强[3] 郝学政 李书华 李国平[1] 封洪强[1] SUN Yue;LIU Xiaoguang;L Guoqiang;HAO Xuezheng;LI Shuhua;LI Guoping;FENG Hongqiang(Institute of Plant Protection,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;College of Plant Protection,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Henan Plant Protection and Quarantine Station,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Chinese Herb Production Technology Extension Center of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Xincai County,Henan Province,Zhumadian 463500,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学植物保护学院,郑州450002 [3]河南省植保植检站,郑州450002 [4]河南省中药材生产技术推广中心,郑州450002 [5]河南省新蔡县植保植检站,驻马店463500

出　　处：《植物保护》2020年第4期126-131,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0300105,2018YFD0200605,2016YFD0300705);农业农村部2019年全国草地贪夜蛾应急调研指导项目。

摘　　要：草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith)是新入侵我国的重大迁飞性害虫,2019年在我国黄淮海冬小麦-夏玉米轮作主产区河南省呈点片发生,主要为害玉米,特别偏好取食晚播的甜糯玉米。为明确草地贪夜蛾在小麦和不同玉米品种上的种群适合度是否存在差异,本研究在室内(26±1)℃,RH(65±5)%和L∥D=16 h∥8 h光周期条件下比较了草地贪夜蛾在普通玉米‘郑单958’‘郑单1002’‘豫研1501’和糯玉米‘郑黄糯2号’以及小麦‘郑麦366’上生长发育指标。结果表明:取食‘郑麦366’的草地贪夜蛾的化蛹率(44.00±3.40)%、蛹重(138.62±6.76)mg、羽化率(35.00±3.07)%和单雌产卵量(971.70±125.63)粒均低于取食4个玉米品种的化蛹率(73.33%~80.00%)、蛹重(154.94~176.40)mg、羽化率(73.33%~79.33%)和单雌产卵量(1052.00~1322.60)粒(P<0.05);草地贪夜蛾取食不同寄主植物的种群趋势指数由大到小顺序为:‘郑黄糯2号’(578.38)>‘豫研1501’(493.40)>和‘郑单958’(437.06)>‘郑单1002’(321.47)>‘郑麦366’(133.56)。综上表明,草地贪夜蛾在小麦上的适合度低于在玉米上的适合度,但其能够在小麦上完成生长发育并实现种群扩繁;其在糯玉米上的种群适合度大于普通玉米。因此应密切监测草地贪夜蛾在小麦上的发生和为害,并提出适时种植糯玉米作为诱集带并集中喷施杀虫剂来压低草地贪夜蛾种群数量的防控措施。Fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda,is a major migratory pest that recently invaded China.It occurred sporadically in Henan province,the main producing area of winter wheat-summer maize rotation in Huanghuaihai region of China in 2019.S.frugiperda mainly fed on maize,and especially prefer to feed on late-sown sweet-waxy maize.To understand the effect of wheat and different varieties of maize on population fitness of S.frugiperda,the growth and development indexes of the pest feeding normal maize varieties‘Zhengdan 958’‘Zhengdan 1002’‘Yuyan 1501’,waxy maize‘Zhenghuangnuo 2’and wheat variety‘Zhengmai 366’were compared under conditions of(26±1)℃,(65±5)%RH and L∥D=16 h∥8 h.The results showed that the pupation rate(44.00±3.40)%,pupal weight(138.62±6.76)mg,eclosion rate(35.00±3.07)%and number of eggs laid per female(971.70±125.63)of S.frugiperda feeding on‘Zhengmai 366’were lower than those of feeding on four maize varieties with 73.33%-80.00%,154.94-176.40 mg,73.33%-79.33%and 1052.00-1322.60 eggs,respectively(P<0.05);The descending order of population trend index of different treatments was ranked as follows:‘Zhenghuangnuo 2’(578.38)>‘Yuyan 1501’(493.40)>‘Zhengdan 958’(437.06)>‘Zhengdan 1002’(321.47)>‘Zhengmai 366’(133.56).In summary,the population fitness of S.frugiperda feeding on wheat is lower than that of feeding on maize,but it can complete the generation and continue the population reproduction.The population fitness of S.frugiperda feeding on sweet-waxy maize was higher than that of on the normal maize.Therefore,it is necessary to closely monitor the occurrence of S.frugiperda on wheat,and put forward the control measures of planting waxy maize as bait host belt and spraying insecticide to reduce S.frugiperda population.

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 玉米 小麦 生长发育 种群适合度 

分 类 号：S435.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]