核桃细菌性黑斑病杀菌剂筛选及药效研究  

Screening of bactericides and their control effect against bacterial black spot disease of walnut

作　　者：谯天敏[1] 王丽 朱天辉[1] QIAO Tianmin;WANG Li;ZHU Tianhui(College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Wenjiang 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,温江611130

出　　处：《植物保护》2020年第4期258-263,269,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2016M602705)。

摘　　要：本文以黄单胞杆菌Xanthomonas campestris pv.juglandis(Pierce Dowson)为供试菌株,选用不同浓度的13种杀菌剂进行室内毒力测定。结果表明:有10种药剂对该菌有一定的抑制效果,但只有5种杀菌剂能够产生明显的抑菌圈。其中,四霉素和链霉素的抑菌效果最强,最低抑菌浓度为0.165、3μg/mL,抑菌率为74.76%、69.23%,EC 50为12.764、35.318μg/mL。其他依次为乙蒜素、中生菌素和春雷霉素。选用这5种杀菌剂进行盆栽防治试验,四霉素和链霉素的平均防效达74.60%、71.69%,乙蒜素和中生菌素防效分别为65.98%、58.40%,春雷霉素防效最低为39.38%。其结果与室内基本一致。室内试验及盆栽试验结果表明四霉素、链霉素、乙蒜素、中生菌素和春雷霉素可作为防治核桃黑斑病的杀菌剂,其中四霉素为首选杀菌剂。Using Xanthomonas campestris pv.juglandis(Pierce Dowson)as the tested strain,indoor virulence of 13 kinds of bactericides with different concentrations were determined.The results showed that 10 kinds of bactericides had certain inhibitory effects on the bacteria,but only 5 kinds could produce obvious inhibition zones.Among these bactericides,tetramycin and streptomycin had the strongest inhibition effect,with the minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.165 and 3μg/mL,inhibition rate of 74.76%and 69.23%,and the EC 50 values of 12.764 and 35.318μg/mL,respectively,followed by ethylicin,zhongshengmycin and kasugamycin.Pot experiments of the five kinds of bactericides demonstrated that the average control efficacies of tetramycin and streptomycin were 74.60%and 71.69%,and those of ethylicin and zhongshengmycin were 65.98%and 58.40%,respectively,while kasugamycin was the weakest with the efficacy of 39.38%.The results showed that tetramycin,streptomycin,ethylicin,zhongshengmycin and kasugamycin could be used for controlling black spot of walnut,and tetramycin was the preferred bactericide.

关 键 词：核桃 细菌性黑斑病 杀菌剂筛选 防治效果 

分 类 号：S763.13[农业科学—森林保护学]