中美贸易战对中国能源行业的影响及应对策略  

Impact of Sino-US Trade War on China′s Energy Industry and the Countermeasures

作　　者：高健 张同功[2] Gao Jian;Zhang Tonggong(Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266061)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学经济与管理学院,山东青岛266061 [2]青岛科技大学,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《中外能源》2020年第6期19-25,共7页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：我国已经成为能源进口大国,石油和天然气对外依存度逐年攀升,对美国能源进口的依赖性也有不断增强的趋势。2018年以来,中美贸易战爆发并愈演愈烈,必然对中国从美国进口能源带来不利的冲击和影响。短期来看,将通过提升能源价格,直接冲击我国用能企业的效益。长期来看,将通过影响各行业的发展,对我国经济和社会发展带来非常不利的影响。中国在中美贸易战中要吸收日美贸易战的前车之鉴,不妥协、不示弱,采取相应措施积极应对。在内部要加快企业转型升级,提高用能效率,发展可再生能源与清洁能源,增强产业内与产业间企业的交流合作,形成产业集群,积极提升深海油气勘探与开采技术。与此同时,要积极加强与俄罗斯、非洲及欧盟的能源合作,支持能源企业走出去,构建"一带一路"能源经济合作带,以缓解中美贸易战给能源行业所带来的不利影响。China has become a big energy importer.Its dependence on foreign oil and natural gas is increasing year by year,and its dependence on US energy imports is also increasing.However,the outbreak and intensification of Sino-US trade war since 2018 will inevitably bring adverse impact on China′s energy import from the United States.In the short term,it will directly impact the benefits of energy-consuming enterprises in China by increasing energy prices.In the long term,it will have an adverse effect on China′s economic and social development by affecting the development of all the industries.China should draw lessons from the Japan-US trade war,and take corresponding measures to actively address the Sino-US trade war without compromise and showing no weakness.Internally,China should accelerate the transformation and upgrading of enterprises,improve energy efficiency,develop renewable energy and clean energy,enhance the exchanges and cooperation between enterprises within and among the industries,form industrial clusters and actively promote the deep sea oil and gas exploration and production technologies.Meanwhile,China should actively strengthen its energy cooperation with Russia,Africa and EU countries,support the going-out of energy enterprises and build an energy economic cooperation zone under the Belt and Road Initiative,so as to alleviate the adverse effect of Sino-US trade war on the energy industry.

关 键 词：中美贸易战 能源进口 转型升级 对外依存度 深海油气勘探 

分 类 号：F752[经济管理—国际贸易] F757.12[经济管理—产业经济] F426.2