连续油管作业遇卡原因分析及解卡方法  

Cause Analysis and Freeing Method of Being Stuck in Coiled Tubing Operation

作　　者：张乾 王方祥 徐飞 吴英新 赵增权 杨志 Zhang Qian;Wang Fangxiang;Xu Fei;Wu Yingxin;Zhao Zengquan;Yang Zhi(Downhole Technology Service Company,CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Company Limited,Tianjin 300283)

机构地区：[1]中国石油渤海钻探工程有限公司井下技术服务分公司,天津300283

出　　处：《中外能源》2020年第6期63-68,共6页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：中石油渤海钻探工程有限公司重大技术研发项目“连续油管试油工艺技术研究”(编号:2019ZD03K)。

摘　　要：连续油管作业已在油气田开发过程中得到普遍应用,但在冲砂、钻塞、大直径工具等作业过程中,发生连续油管遇卡的风险较常规油管作业大幅增加。为了尽量避免连续油管施工过程中遇卡,或在遇卡后能够及时、正确地解卡,避免造成工程复杂,本文介绍了连续油管作业过程中五种典型的遇卡类型,包括砂屑卡、落物卡、套变卡、水泥卡和封隔器卡。针对不同的遇卡类型,分析了相应的遇卡原因,主要为操作者经验不足判断失误、对规章制度执行不严、工具选择不当、工作液性能不符合要求、钻进过程中停泵等。根据材料力学的胡克定律分析了卡点位置的计算方法。按照能建立有效循环和不能建立循环两种情况,分析了解卡处置方法,总体思路为尽量建立循环。结合两个连续油管遇卡的实际案例,准确计算了卡点位置,详细分析了解卡的过程,最后总结了五点连续油管解卡过程中的注意事项。研究结果对连续油管遇卡处置具有重要的指导意义。The coiled tubing operation has been widely applied in the development of oil and gas fields.However,the risk of being stuck for the coiled tubing is significantly increased compared to conventional tubing operations during the sand washing,drilling plugs,large-diameter tools and so on.In order to avoid being stuck during the coiled tubing operation,or to solve the problem in time and in correct way after being stuck,five typical types of being stuck during the coiled tubing operation are introduced.It includes being stuck by sand cutting,falling objects,casing deformation,cement and packer.Corresponding reasons of being stuck are analyzed for different types of it.It mainly includes misjudgment for lacking of experiences,inadequate implementation of rules and regulations,improper tool selection,improper working fluid on performance,and pump stopping during drilling.According to Hooke′s law of material mechanics,the calculation method of the position of being stuck is analyzed.It can be divided into two cases:the effective cycle can be formed or not,and the freeing method of being stuck is analyzed.The general idea is to form the cycle.In two actual cases of being stuck in coiled tubing,the position of being stuck is calculated correctly,and the process of freeing stuck is analyzed in detail,and the five considerations in the process of freeing stuck in the coiled tubing are finally summarized.This research results have important guiding significance for dealing with being stuck in the coiled tubing.

关 键 词：连续油管作业 遇卡原因分析 解卡方法 实际案例 

分 类 号：TE355.7[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]