两种不锈钢在港口海水环境中的腐蚀行为和规律研究  

Corrosion Behavior and Regularities of Two Stainless Steels in Seawater Environment of Different Harbors

作　　者：彭文山 刘少通 郭为民[1] 段体岗[1] 丁康康 侯健[1] 蔺存国[1] PENG Wen-shan;LIU Shao-tong;GUO Wei-min;DUAN Ti-gang;DING Kang-kang;HOU Jian;LIN Cun-guo(State Key Laboratory for Marine Corrosion and Protection,Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute(LSMRI),Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所海洋腐蚀与防护重点实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2020年第7期76-83,共8页Equipment Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：目的研究304和316L不锈钢在我国不同港口海水全浸区浸泡不同周期后的腐蚀规律。方法进行港口海域实海全浸试验,利用三维视频拍摄、质量损失分析及图像处理等手段,对比分析不锈钢在青岛、舟山、三亚港口海水全浸区的腐蚀形貌、腐蚀速率、腐蚀深度和海生物附着面积。结果两种不锈钢表面以点蚀和缝隙腐蚀为主,304不锈钢表面还产生严重的隧道腐蚀。不同港口海水中,304和316L不锈钢的腐蚀速率均较低,316L不锈钢的耐蚀性优于304不锈钢。三港口海域不锈钢表面形貌的差异明显,三亚试样表面海生物附着最多,舟山试样表面附着大量泥沙,三亚港口海域不锈钢的腐蚀速率小于舟山港口海域。结论不同港口海水环境对不锈钢表面海生物种类及附着面积的影响显著,而不锈钢表面状态直接影响其腐蚀形貌。The paper aims to study the corrosion regularities of 304 stainless steel and 316 L stainless steel in the seawater full immersion area for different periods in different harbors of China. The real sea full immersion experiment was carried out in the seawater of different harbors. The 3 D video photography, weightless analysis and image processing technology were adopted to investigate the corrosion morphology, corrosion rate, pitting depth and marine organism coverage area of the stainless steels in the seawater of Qingdao harbor, Zhoushan harbor and Sanya harbor. The corrosion form of the two stainless steels were mainly pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion, and the 304 stainless steel surface also produced severe tunnel corrosion. The corrosion rate of 304 stainless steel and 316 L stainless steel in different harbors was small, and the corrosion resistance of 316 L stainless steel is better than that of 304 stainless steel. There was obviously difference for the surface morphology of the samples in these three harbors. The surface of the samples in Sanya harbor had the largest marine organisms’ coverage area;the surface of the samples in Zhoushan harbor was attached with a lot of mud. The corrosion rate of the two stainless steels in Sanya harbor was smaller than that in Zhoushan harbor. Different harbor seawater environments have significant effects on the types and attachment areas of marine organisms on stainless steel surfaces, and the surface state of stainless steel directly affects the corrosion morphology.

关 键 词：不锈钢 港口 全浸区 海水 腐蚀 

分 类 号：TG172.5[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]