施肥深度和施肥量对远志产量和土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilization Depths and Amounts on Yield of Polygala tenuifolia and Soil Physical and Chemical Properties

作　　者：吴昌娟[1] 高金虎[1] 郭淑红[1] 裴帅帅[1] 王秋宝 田洪岭[1] WU Changjuan;GAO Jinhu;GUO Shuhong;PEI Shuaishuai;WANG Qiubao;TIAN Hongling(Institute of Industrial Crops,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所,山西太原030031

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第12期129-134,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：山西省农业科学院攻关资助项目(YGG1638);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助项目(CARS-21)。

摘　　要：以远志为试材,采用裂区试验设计,主区为施肥深度,设2个水平,30 cm(D1)和15 cm(D2),裂区为施肥量,设4个水平450(F1)、600(F2)、750(F3)、900(F4)kg·hm^-2。通过2年的田间试验,重点研究了施肥深度和施肥量对远志地上部生产力、根产量和土壤理化性质的影响。以期解决远志栽培中存在的盲目施肥、经验施肥等问题。结果表明:浅施肥(D2)处理在远志株高和根产量方面比深施肥(D1)有显著优势,根产量提高2.67%。施肥量处理各水平间根产量、根粗、根质量、根皮干质量和木芯粗均表现为F2>F3>F1>F4,根长表现为F2>F4>F3>F1。深施肥处理能显著减小土壤容重。土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量随着施肥量的增加而增加。浅施肥(15 cm)配合施肥量F2(600 kg·hm^-2)效果最佳。In order to make scientific fertilization scheme for farmers planting polygala tenuifolia in southern Shanxi province,a field test was conducted through two-years.The split-plot design was adopted to study the effects of different fertilization depths and amounts on the aboveground productivity,root yield of polygala tenuifolia, and soil physical and chemical properties.The main plot was the fertilization depth,with two levels,30 cm(D1) and 15 cm(D2),split plot was the fertilization amount,with four levels,450(F1),600(F2),750(F3),and 900(F4)kg·hm^-2.The results showed that D2 had significant advantages over D1 in plant height and root yield,and root yield was increased by 2.67%.The yield,diameter,weight,dry bark weight and wood core diameter of polygala root under fertilization treatments were F2>F3>F1>F4,and root length was F2>F4>F3>F1.D1 could significantly reduce soil bulk density.The contents of available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium increased with the increase of fertilizer application.D1(15 cm) plus F2(600 kg·hm^-2) would be appropriate.

关 键 词：远志 施肥深度 施肥量 土壤理化性质 产量 

分 类 号：S31[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]