莫来石含量及粒径对铜铁基复合材料摩擦学性能的影响  

Effects of Mullite Contents and Particle Size on Tribological Properties of Copper-iron Matrix Composites

作　　者：侯宝强 郭海霞 朱宇璇 王波[1] 杨建锋[1] HOU Baoqiang;GUO Haixia;ZHU Yuxuan;WANG Bo;YANG Jianfeng(State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学,材料强度国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2020年第6期794-802,共9页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51672209,51872223)资助;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(xzy012019014);陕西省创新团队项目(2018TD-031)。

摘　　要：采用粉末冶金方法制备了含莫来石的铜铁基复合材料,通过分别添加0~25%(体积分数)工业莫来石和高纯莫来石,对比两者含量对复合材料基本特性及摩擦磨损性能的影响,研究了石墨含量对摩擦系数的调节作用,分析了莫来石粒度对复合材料摩擦性能的影响。结果表明:随着莫来石添加量的增加,复合材料致密度降低、硬度上升、弯曲强度下降。复合材料摩擦系数均在两莫来石含量为15%时最大,磨损率均在莫来石含量为5%时最小。相比高纯莫来石,粒度分布宽、颗粒形态多样的工业莫来石对复合材料的弯曲强度和磨损率均产生不利影响。石墨含量为15%(体积分数)时,含工业莫来石(15%)复合材料的摩擦系数在0.3~0.4,且磨损率较低。分级筛选后的大尺寸工业莫来石颗粒有利于增大摩擦系数,球磨细化后的小尺寸工业莫来石颗粒对增大摩擦效果有限,且磨损率较高。Copper-iron matrix composites containing mullite were prepared by powder metallurgy.By adding 0–25%(volume fraction)industrial mullite and high purity mullite respectively,the effects of mullite contents on the mechanical properties and tribological performances of the composites were compared.Furthermore,the influences of graphite content and mullite particle size on the friction performance of the composite were studied as well.With the increase of mullite content,the relative density and bending strength of the composites decreased,although the hardness increased.The coefficient of friction(COF)rose to the highest when mullite content was 15%and the wear rate showed smallest when mullite content was 5%.Compared with high-purity mullite,industrial mullite with wide particle size distribution and various particle shapes had a negative impact on the bending strength and wear rate of the composites.With 15%(volume fraction)graphite addition,the friction coefficient of the composite containing 15%industrial mullite was 0.3–0.4,with a lower wear rate.The industrial mullite with large particle size after sieving selection were beneficial to increase the friction coefficient.However,the industrial mullite with small particle size after ball milling had little effect on increasing the friction,and the wear rate was higher.

关 键 词：粉末冶金 铜铁基复合材料 莫来石 摩擦磨损 

分 类 号：TF125[冶金工程—粉末冶金]