马铃薯晚疫病菌卵孢子形成与萌发条件研究  

Study on oospore formation and germination conditions of Phytophthora infestans

作　　者：张铉哲[1] 姜萌 陈梅 周子豪 李媛媛 赵雪[1] 任雪琦 徐浩然 陈苏慧 ZHANG Xuanzhe;JIANG Meng;CHEN Mei;ZHOU Zihao;LI Yuanyuan;ZHAO Xue;REN Xueqi;XU Haoran;CHEN Suhui(School of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2020年第7期10-19,共10页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C2016019)。

摘　　要：采用MTT染色法分别测定马铃薯晚疫病菌对峙培养时间、杂交菌株组合、保存温度及保存时间对卵孢子活力的影响,计算卵孢子活力率;通过不同温度处理、不同浓度H2O2溶液及混合培养时间处理、混合培养基质处理,探索卵孢子萌发条件。试验结果表明,不同菌株组合和自育型菌株产生卵孢子数量和活力均不同,随对峙培养时间延续,卵孢子数量逐渐增多,但卵孢子活力逐渐下降,杂交菌株组合对峙培养15 d或自育型菌株培养15 d后,卵孢子活力最高。不同温度对卵孢子活力影响不同,-20℃可以保持卵孢子活力,21℃培养促进卵孢子进入萌发期。H2O2溶液促进卵孢子进入萌发期,卵孢子进入萌发期比率随H2O2溶液浓度增加而提高,卵孢子经0.7%H2O2溶液处理后,卵孢子进入萌发期比率最高可达95.7%。土壤和组织浸出液配制而成的混合培养基均促进卵孢子萌发,其中土壤浸出液与黑麦培养基以1􀏑1混合而成的培养基促进卵孢子萌发效果最佳,卵孢子最高萌发率为19%,与杂交组合产生的卵孢子相比,自育型菌株产生的卵孢子萌发率相对较低。以上结果为马铃薯晚疫菌群体遗传和马铃薯晚疫病流行研究提供理论依据。This study was to determine the effects of confrontation culture time,hybrid strain combination,preservation temperature and preservation time of oospores to the viability of oospores by using MTT staining method and calculated the viability rate of oospores.In addition,the germination conditions of oospore were to be explored with different temperature treatments,different concentrations of H2O2 solution,mixed culture time treatments and mixed culture substrate treatments.The number and viability of oospores produced by different combinations of strains and self-fertility strains were different.The number of oospores increased gradually along with the increase of confrontation culture time,but the activity of oospores decreased gradually.The oospore activity was the highest for 15 d of hybrid culture of different strains combination or the self-fertility strains.Different temperatures had different effects on the viability of oospores.-20℃maintained the viability of oospores,and culture at 21℃promoted the germination of oospores.H2O2 solution promoted the germination of oospores,and the ratio of oospore to enter the germination stage increased with the increase of the concentration of H2O2 solution.The ratio of oospore to enter the germination stage reached 95.7%after being treated with the concentration of 0.7%H2O2 solution.The mixed medium prepared from soil extract and tissue extract promoted the germination of oospores,among which,the medium made up of soil extract and rye agar medium in 1􀏑1 had the best effect on the germination of oospores with the highest oospore germination rate of 19%.Compared with the germination rate of oospores produced by the hybrid combination,the germination rate of oospores produced by the self-fertility strain was relatively lower.These results provided theoretical basis for the population genetic study of P.infestans and the epidemic of potato late blight.

关 键 词：马铃薯晚疫病 马铃薯晚疫病菌 卵孢子 MTT染色法 自育型菌株 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]