人大闭会履职中政府回应研究——基于监督与科层制双重压力维度推动的深圳实践考察  

Government Responsiveness during the Inter-sessional Period of Local People’s Congress in China—A Case Study of Shenzhen Based on the Dual Dimension of Supervisory and Bureaucratic Pressure

作　　者：吴海燕[1] 黄鹤子 WU Haiyan;HUANG Hezi(School of Management,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518060)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学管理学院,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《行政论坛》2020年第4期60-67,共8页Administrative Tribune

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国特色行政学的发展及其话语体系建构研究”(18BZZ066)。

摘　　要：政府有效回应民众的需求与期望是现代国家治理的重要内容和方式,在人大闭会履职中,有效的政府回应是人大发挥作用的重要途径和可靠保证。通过对深圳市人大闭会履职中政府回应的实践考察,研究发现:在人大代表闭会履职和政府回应的现实运行中,人大代表的监督权构成了政府回应的外部压力;政府绩效评估制度与责任追踪制度的建立使监督压力嵌入并构成政府回应的科层制压力;监督压力与科层制压力呈现出强弱不同的状态,交互影响着人大闭会履职中政府回应的程度。根据监督与科层制双重压力维度及其强弱表现,可以将人大闭会履职中的政府回应划分为治理型回应、压力型回应、避责型回应和不回应等四个类型。Modern national governance requires the government to response public needs and expectations with effectiveness.The Local People’s Congress(LPC)in China could,based on its supervisory power,play a reliable role to guarantee the effective government responsiveness even during the inter-sessional period of the LPC.Taking Shenzhen as the case,this study examines the interaction between the LPC and the municipal government during the inter-sessional period of the LPC.It finds that the supervisory power of LPC deputies constitutes the external pressure of the government responsiveness in the actual operation of LPC and government responding to the public during the inter-sessional period of the LPC,while the establishment of government performance evaluation system and responsibility tracking system constitutes the bureaucratic pressure of government responsiveness.The supervisory pressure and bureaucratic pressure vary in the strength,and interactively influence the degree of government responsiveness during the inter-sessional period of the LPC.Based on the different origins and impacts of the two types of pressure,the government responsiveness could be recognized as four types which are governance responsiveness,pressure responsiveness,evasion responsiveness and non-responsiveness.

关 键 词：地方政府 政府回应 地方人大 闭会履职 监督压力 科层制压力 

分 类 号：D630.9[政治法律—政治学] D630.1[政治法律—中外政治制度]