多环芳烃暴露与儿童生长和免疫功能的关系:基于中国北部某焦化污染区的研究  

Associations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure with growth and immune function of children: A study in a coking contaminated area in northern China

作　　者：张婷 周小林[1] 孟倩倩[1] 张超 薛振伟[1] 郭玉凤 孔晓娜 安全[1] ZHANG Ting;ZHOU Xiaolin;MENG Qian-qian;ZHANG Chao;XUE Zhen-wei;GUO Yu-feng;KONG Xiao-na;AN Quan(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environment and Health,Department of Radiological and Environmental Medicine,China Institute for Radiation Protection,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院,放射医学与环境医学研究所,国家环境保护环境与健康重点实验室,山西太原030001

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2020年第6期586-593,共8页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：[背景]流行病学提示多环芳烃会引起焦化厂工人外周血和免疫功能的变化,而对于生活在污染环境中的非职业人群(尤其是儿童)健康影响的相关报道较少。[目的]探索多环芳烃代谢产物与某焦化污染区儿童生长和免疫功能的关系。[方法]2018年7月,在中国北部某焦化厂下风向距离厂区1~2 km的村庄,按照一定的纳入排除标准选取176名儿童为研究对象。通过问卷调查儿童的基本信息,同时采集其血液和尿液。现场采集调查对象的身高和体重。采用全自动生化分析仪检测免疫球蛋白含量(IgA、IgG、IgM),高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定尿中8种多环芳烃羟基代谢物的水平(包括1-羟基萘、2-羟基萘、1-羟基菲、2-羟基菲、2-羟基芴、9-羟基芴、1-羟基芘、3-羟基苯并[a]芘)。将代谢物水平大于P66.67者定义为高暴露组,其余为低暴露组,采用多元线性回归分析生长发育指标和免疫指标与多环芳烃羟基代谢物的关系。[结果]调查对象平均年龄为(10.40±2.25)岁,IgA、IgG、IgM异常率分别为7.95%、11.93%、2.27%,年龄、本地居住年限、体重、体质量指数和IgA、IgG、IgM在性别上均无统计学差异(均P>0.05),女童身高大于男童(P=0.041)。1-羟基萘、2-羟基萘、1-羟基菲、2-羟基菲、2-羟基芴、9-羟基芴、1-羟基芘、3-羟基苯并[a]芘经肌酐校正后的检出水平中位数(检出率)分别为1856.23 ng·g^-1(93.75%)、604.00 ng·g^-1(100.00%)、94.88 ng·g^-1(100.00%)、118.16 ng·g^-1(100.00%)、317.89 ng·g^-1(100.00%)、10779.32 ng·g^-1(100.00%)、151.13 ng·g^-1(99.43%)、168.42 ng·g^-1(100.00%),总多环芳烃代谢物的检出水平为15450.13 ng·g^-1。多元线性回归分析显示,调整混杂因素后,尿中9-羟基芴的代谢水平与儿童体重呈负相关(P=0.014,b=-0.17),1-羟基萘与IgA、IgG和IgM呈正相关(P值分别为<0.01、<0.01、0.032,b值分别为0.273、0.314、0.192),尿中总多环芳烃代谢产物与IgG呈正�[Background]Many epidemiological findings suggest that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)can cause changes in peripheral blood and immune function in coking plant workers,but their effects on the health of non-occupational people living in such polluted environments,especially children,have been rarely reported.[Objective]This study investigates the relationship between PAHs metabolites and the growth and immune function of children living in the vicinity of a coking plant.[Methods]A total of 176 children were selected from a village 1-2 km downwind from a coking plant in northern China in July 2018.The basic information about the children was collected through questionnaires and their blood and urine samples were collected at the same time.Their height and weight were measured on site.Immunoglobulin contents(IgA,IgG,and IgM)were detected using on automatic biochemical analyzer.The levels of eight hydroxyl metabolites of PAHs in urine(including 1-hydroxyl naphthalene,2-hydroxyl naphthalene,1-hydroxyl phenanthrene,2-hydroxyl phenanthrene,2-hydroxyl fluorene,9-hydroxyl fluorene,1-hydroxyl pyrene,and 3-hydroxyl benzo[a]pyrene)were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection method.The children were divided into low-exposure groups and highexposure groups with P66.67 as cut-off point.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationships of PAHs hydroxyl metabolites with growth and immune indicators.[Results]The average age of the children was(10.40±2.25)years.The abnormal rates of IgA,IgG,and IgM were 7.95%,11.93%,and 2.27%,respectively.No gender differences were found in age,years of local residence,body weight,body mass index,IgA,IgG,and IgM(all P>0.05),but the girls were taller than the boys(P=0.041).The creatinine adjusted median levels(positive rates)of 1-hydroxyl naphthalene,2-hydroxyl naphthalene,1-hydroxyl phenanthrene,2-hydroxyl phenanthrene,2-hydroxyl fluorene,9-hydroxyl fluorene,1-hydroxyl pyrene,and 3-hydroxyl benzo[a]pyrene were 1856.23 ng·g^-1(93.75%

关 键 词：多环芳烃 焦化污染 儿童生长 免疫球蛋白 

分 类 号：R126[医药卫生—环境卫生学]