隧道开挖与初支机械单机作业特性及作业衔接特征分析  

Characteristic Analysis of Single Machine Operation and Work Transformation of Tunnel Excavation and Initial Support

作　　者：刘禹阳 王朋乐 汪碧云[3] 席锦州[4] 罗燕平[3] 文展 冯国春 LIU Yu-yang;WANG Peng-le;WANG Bi-yun;XI Jin-zhou;LUO Yan-ping;WEN Zhan;FENG Guo-chun(School of Civil Engineering,Chang an University,Xi an 710061,China;School of Highway,Chang an University,Xi an 710061,China;Sichuan Chuanjiao Cross Road&Bridge Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 618399,China;Sichuan Highway and Bridge Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学建筑工程学院,西安710061 [2]长安大学公路学院,西安710061 [3]四川川交路桥有限责任公司,成都618399 [4]四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司,成都610041

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2020年第18期7451-7456,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(51908051);四川省交通科技项目(2019-ZL-05);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金(30002289101)。

摘　　要：公路隧道开挖和初期支护作业过程涉及诸多施工机械,机械单机作业效率和机械作业间的衔接效率是机械群高效协同作业的基础,直接影响了隧道施工进度。为探寻公路隧道施工过程中主要机械的单机作业特性及衔接特征,依托金家庄特长螺旋隧道,通过系统调研开挖与初期支护相关机械的现场作业时间,对施工机械的单机作业特性和作业衔接特征进行了分析研究。结果表明:开挖与初期支护施工机械作业特性具有规律性;装载机和湿喷机停机等待问题与隧道累计进尺相关性强于现场协调组织管理等因素,随着累计进尺的增加,装载机和湿喷机停机等待问题逐渐凸显;金家庄隧道出渣与立架工序衔接快慢对立架与湿喷工序衔接时间具有一定影响,两者分布规律具有一致性。可见实现公路隧道机械化快速施工,除采用单机作业效率高的机械设备外,还应根据隧道累计进尺的变化增加机械设备数量,同时缩短各工序之间的衔接时间,尤其是出渣与立架工序的衔接时间和立架与湿喷工序的衔接时间。Many construction machines are involved in the process of highway tunnel excavation and initial support. The efficiency of single-machine operation and the connection efficiency are the basis of efficient cooperative operation of machinery group, which directly affects the progress of tunnel construction. The single-machine operation and job-relay of the main machinery in the process of highway tunnel construction was ecplored taking the Jinjiazhuang extra-long spiral tunnel as the case. The field operation time of the excavation and initial support related machinery was systematically investigated. The results reveal the regularity of excavation and initial support construction machinery, and the relationship between loader and wet shotcreting machine downtime and tunnel cumulative footage is stronger than that of site coordination, organization, and management. With the increase of cumulative footage, the problem of loader and wet shotcreting machine downtime became apparent, and the job-relay efficiency from the tunnel slag discharging to erecting is affected. However, the distribution law of the discharging and erecting is consistent. Therefore, to realize the rapid mechanized construction of highway tunnels, in addition to the high-efficiency single-machine operation, the number of mechanical equipment should be increased according to the change of the accumulated footage of the tunnel, and the connection time between each process should be shortened, especially the connection time between the slag discharging and the erection and between the erection and the wet spraying.

关 键 词：公路隧道 现场统计 单机作业 作业衔接 

分 类 号：U455.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]