职业性噪声作业工人双耳高频平均听阈与耳鸣的关系  

Relationship between High-frequency Hearing and Tinnitus in Both Ears of Occupational Noise Workers

作　　者：谢庆堂[1] 陈开 罗健 雷少颖 XIE Qing-tang;CHEN Kai;LUO Jian;LEI Shao-ying(Department of Physical Examination,Chancheng Hospital,Foshan First People's Hospital,Foshan 528061,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市第一人民医院禅城医院体检科,广东佛山528061

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2020年第21期28-30,共3页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的为了解噪声作业工人双耳高频平均听阈与耳鸣的关系。方法选择2019年1月~12月参加职业性噪声职业健康检查工人1345人进行问卷调查、血压测量和纯音测听检查,Logistic回归对耳鸣发生风险进行单因素分析,用多因素Logistic分析双耳高频平均听阈与耳鸣的独立作用。结果1345名工人发生耳鸣有297人,耳鸣发生率22.82%;单因素Logistic分析显示:每天耳机使用时间≥1 h、工龄、三班倒、饮酒、吸烟、高频听力听力损失是耳鸣危险因素;工作场所总是和经常使用防护耳塞、没有高血压是耳鸣发生的保护因素。调整年龄、性别、防护耳塞使用、抽烟、喝酒、每天耳机娱乐时间、每天打电话时间、每周到嘈杂地方时间、是否高血压后,高频平均听力增加一个单位耳鸣风险增加5%,OR=1.05,95%CI(1.03~1.08),P值<0.0001。结论噪声作业工人保护高频听力可减少耳鸣发生。Objective To investigate the relationship between binaural high frequency average hearing threshold and tinnitus in workers exposed to noise.Methods 1345 workers who took part in occupational noise occupational health examination from January to December in 2019 were selected for questionnaire survey,blood pressure measurement and pure tone audiometry.Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk of tinnitus.Multivariate Logistic was used to analyze the independent effect of binaural high frequency average hearing threshold and tinnitus.Results Tinnitus occurred in 297 of 1345 workers,and the incidence of tinnitus was 22.82%.Univariate Logistic analysis showed that earphone use≥1 hour per day,length of service,three shifts,drinking,smoking and high-frequency hearing loss were risk factors for tinnitus;protective earplugs were always and frequently used in the workplace and no hypertension were protective factors for tinnitus.After adjusting age,sex,use of protective earplugs,smoking,drinking,daily headphone entertainment time,daily phone time,weekly time to noisy places,and hypertension,the high-frequency average hearing increased by 5%.95%CI(1.03%-1.08),P<0.0001.Conclusion The protection of high-frequency hearing in noise-exposed workers can reduce the occurrence of tinnitus.

关 键 词：职业性噪声 双耳高频平均听阈 耳鸣 

分 类 号：R135.8[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R852.24[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]