论《民法典》中债总规范的识别与适用  

On the Identification and Application of the General Provisions of Law of Obligation Inherent in the Civil Code of PRC

作　　者：翟远见 Zhai Yuanjian

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学比较法学研究院

出　　处：《比较法研究》2020年第4期107-119,共13页Journal of Comparative Law

摘　　要：我国《民法典》包含了债总规范的内容,但未设置独立的债法总则体系结构。没有债法总则的民法典,更需要含有债法总论的民法学。识别我国《民法典》中的债总规范,有利于司法审判给出准确而全面的裁判依据,有利于立法部门找准今后完善债法制度的方向,有利于增加私人行为模式的选项,有利于奠定民法学教学和研究的基础。债总规范的识别,要准确把握债之关系的本质和提取公因式的立法技术。《民法典》在债的主体、债的标的、债的效力、债的保全、债的移转、债的消灭等方面,多有实质意义上的债总规范。民法学须加强对这些规范的解释,阐释它们本身涵蕴的意旨,以为法律的正确适用定位导航。The Civil Code of PRC has not set up an independent part of general provisions of law of obligation.The absence of any part of general provisions of law of obligation within a Civil Code makes it all the more urgent for the inclusion of general theory into the science of civil law.The identification of the general provisions of law of obligation in the Civil Code of PRC is of great use in at least four ways:first,it aids the judicial bodies in their formulation of an accurate and comprehensive basis for judgment;second,it helps the legislative branch find the right direction to improve the obligation law system in the future;third,it provides more options in the mode of private behavior;last but not least,it lays a good foundation for the teaching and research of civil law.In order to identify the general provisions of law of obligation,we should truly grasp the essence of the obligatory relationship and the legislative technique of common factor method.In a substantial sense,the Civil Code of PRC includes such general provisions of law of obligation as their subjects,objects,effects,preservation,assignment,and extinction.In order to provide guidance on their correct application,the interpretation of these provisions,especially their connotations,should be strengthened.

关 键 词：民法典 债法 债总规范 识别 适用 

分 类 号：D923.3[政治法律—民商法学]