春油菜光合作用及其相关生理特性对苗期干旱胁迫的响应  

Response of Photosynthesis and Related Physiological Characteristics of Brassica juncea to Drought Stress at Seedling Stage

作　　者：田宏先[1] 施毅 王瑞霞[1] TIAN Hongxian;SHI Yi;WANG Ruixia(Institute of Crops in High Latitude and Cold Climate Areas,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Datong 037008,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所,山西大同037008

出　　处：《种业导刊》2020年第4期7-12,共6页Journal of Seed Industry Guide

基　　金：山西省农业科学院生物育种工程项目(17yzgc072);山西省农业科学院农业科技创新研究课题(YCX2020414)。

摘　　要：通过研究芥菜型春油菜(Brassica juncea)光合作用对苗期干旱胁迫的响应,揭示干旱胁迫与春油菜光合参数及其生理指标的关系,为山西省春油菜抗旱品种的筛选鉴定以及抗旱栽培管理提供科学依据。试验采用盆栽方式,分别在正常灌水、中度干旱和重度干旱条件下,研究春油菜2个品种怀仁大黄芥和晋油12号苗期的生长形态及相关生理指标和光合参数的变化。结果表明,干旱胁迫对春油菜株高和叶片叶绿素含量的影响不大。干旱胁迫显著降低了春油菜叶面积、干物质总量、叶片净光合速率,且随干旱程度的加重,降低幅度明显增加,叶面积、干物质总量、净光合速率的最大降幅分别为60.77%、58.66%、57.19%。干旱胁迫不同程度地抑制了2个春油菜品种的蒸腾作用,当干旱胁迫结束时,干旱处理怀仁大黄芥较其对照的降低幅度比晋油12号大。干旱胁迫提高了叶片的瞬时水分利用率,且随着干旱程度的加剧,瞬时水分利用率增幅升高。隶属函数分析表明,晋油12号幼苗的抗旱能力强于怀仁大黄芥。By studying the response of photosynthesis of Brassica juncea to drought stress at seedling stage,the relationship between drought stress and photosynthetic parameters and physiological indexes of Brassica juncea was revealed,which provided scientific basis for selection and identification of drought resistant varieties and cultivation management of drought resistant in Shanxi Province.Pot experiments were carried out to study the growth morphology,physiological indexes and photosynthetic parameters of Brassica juncea under normal irrigation,moderate drought and severe drought.The results showed that drought stress had little effect on the plant height and chlorophyll content of leaves of Brassica juncea.Drought stress significantly reduced the leaf area,total dry matter and net photosynthetic rate of leaves,and the reduction range increased with the increase of drought degree;and the maximum drop of leaf area,total dry matter and net photosynthetic rate was 60.77%,58.66%and 57.19%,respectively.Drought stress inhibited the transpiration rate of two varieties;at the end of drought stress,the reduction range of Huairendahuangjie was higher than that of Jinyou 12.Drought stress increased the instantaneous water use efficiency of leaves,and with the increase of drought degree,the increase of instantaneous water use efficiency increased.The analysis of membership function showed that the drought resistance ability of Jinyou 12 was better than that of Huairendahuangjie.

关 键 词：芥菜型春油菜 晋油12号 怀仁大黄芥 干旱胁迫 形态指标 光合参数 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学] S158