家兔前肢少阳经五输穴及原穴定位的层次解剖学研究  

Hierarchical structure of Five-shu points and Source-point of Triple Energizer Meridian in rabbits

作　　者：徐照 吕方怡 俞冰洁 张泽东 张伦青[2] XU Zhao;LüFang-yi;YU Bing-jie;ZHNAG Ze-dong;ZHANG Lun-qing(Laboratory of Morphology,Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China;Faculty of Health Sciences,University of Macao,MacaoSAR 999078,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中医药大学形态实验室,贵阳550025 [2]澳门大学健康科学学院,中国澳门999078

出　　处：《针刺研究》2020年第7期557-563,共7页Acupuncture Research

基　　金：贵州省科学技术项目(黔科合J字【2013】2065号)。

摘　　要：目的:探索分析家兔"关冲""液门""中渚""阳池""支沟""天井"的定位法、取穴法及穴区形态结构。方法:新西兰兔20只,以人体腧穴WHO标准和国家标准的位置为标准点,家兔解剖学结构为基础,结合X射线成像结果,对10只新西兰兔进行体表解剖标志法定位、取穴。处死家兔后解剖穴区,比较家兔与人体定位区域同源同功的组织,校正定位位置。另外麻醉10只家兔,标记穴位,针刺后处死并进行血管灌注,解剖观测针灸针与周围组织结构的毗邻关系。结果:"关冲"定位在前足指,在第4指末节外侧,爪甲根角侧后方1×10-3m;针刺层次为皮肤、浅筋膜、深筋膜、第4爪甲廓深面的甲根。"液门"定位在第4、5指间,指蹼缘上方被毛交界处凹陷中;针刺层次为皮肤、浅筋膜、深筋膜、蚓状肌。"中渚"定位在第4、5掌骨间,第4掌骨头掌骨体交界处;针刺层次为皮肤、浅筋膜、深筋膜、蚓状肌。"阳池"定位在腕背侧,副腕骨与桡腕骨体表连线与指总伸肌尺侧缘凹陷相交处;针刺层次为皮肤、浅筋膜、深筋膜、指总伸肌腱尺侧。"支沟"定位在前臂后侧,腕背侧远端横纹上3寸,尺骨与桡骨间隙中;针刺层次为皮肤、浅筋膜、深筋膜、指总伸肌。"天井"定位在肘后侧,鹰嘴尖直上,横平肱骨体与肱骨外侧髁交界处;针刺层次为皮肤、浅筋膜、深筋膜、肱三头肌。结论:家兔前肢少阳经五输穴、原穴与头静脉及属支、臂血管分支及属支、臂内侧皮神经、尺神经及桡神经有密切关系,这是上述6个穴位的形态学基础。Objective To study the position and hierarchical structure of Five-shu points,i.e.,"Guanchong"(TE1),"Yemen"(TE2),"Zhongzhu"(TE3),"Yangchi"(TE4)and"Zhigou"(TE6),and the Source-point"Tianjing"(TE10)of the Triple Energizer(TE)Meridian in the rabbit.Methods Based on WHO Standard Acupuncture Point Locations in the Western Pacific Region(WHO Standard)and National Standard(GB/T 22103-2008)for Acupuncture Point Locations in human body,and combined with X-ray images,the hierarchical structure of Five-shu points and Source-point of the TE Meridian were observed in ten New Zealand rabbits.The acupoint locations were determined by comparing the same name tissues of the rabbits and human body after dissecting the above-mentioned acupoints.After inserting acupuncture needles into the aforementioned acupoints,the relationship between the acupuncture needle and adjacent structure were dissected and measured.Results"Guanchong"(TE1)was located on the lateral side of the 4th terminal phalanx,and behind the corner of the onyx root.When needled,the penetrated tissues of the acupuncture needle are skin,superficial fascia,deep fascia,and the root region of the 4th phalanx,respectively."Yemen"(TE2)was located between the 4th and 5th onyxes,at the depression of intersection of coat hair superior to the fingerweb edge.When needled,the penetrated tissues of the acupuncture needle are the superficial fascia,deep fascia and lumbrical muscles of the forepaw,respectively."Zhongzhu"(TE3)was located between the 4th and 5th metacarpal bones,at the depression proximal to the 4th metacarpophalangeal joint.When needled,the penetrated tissues are skin,superficial fascia,deep fascia,and lumbrical muscle,respectively."Yangchi"(TE4)was positioned at the dorsal side of the forepaw,and the surface connection line between the accessory and radial bones intersected with the depression of the extensor digitorum communis on the ulnar side.When needled,the penetrated tissues are skin,superficial fascia,deep fascia,and the ulnar side of the common extensor tend

关 键 词：比较解剖学 五输穴 原穴 手少阳三焦经 X线成像 家兔 

分 类 号：R245.2[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]