重油四组分测定实验改进及优化教学  

Improvement and Optimization Teaching of Heavy Oil Four Components Analysis Test

作　　者：沐宝泉[1] 张淑霞[1] MU Bao-Quan;ZHANG Shu-Xia(College of Chemical Engineering,University of Petroleum(Huadong),Qingdao 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)化学工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2020年第12期75-78,共4页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：中国石油大学(华东)教学实验技术改革项目(SZ201809)。

摘　　要：重油四组分分析采用经典的液固吸附色谱方法,是石油化工类高校学生专业实验中一项非常重要的综合性实验项目。以往的教学实验中,发现实验收率误差较大,而本实验存在着流程复杂、操作步骤多、耗时长等特点,很难找到误差原因。从重油四组分分析流程、四组分分析系统误差的理论分析出发,提出了四组分分析系统误差主要来源于重油中分子量次大、极性次强的胶质组分在固定相氧化铝上形成不可逆吸附,并通过改变胶质组分在色谱柱中流向,胶质组分收率提高了6%,重油组分收率由91%~93%提高到98%以上,基本消除了重油四组分分析系统误差。改进实验取得了较好的教学实验效果,并为后续的研究提供了支撑。Heavy oil four-component analysis using the classic liquid-solid adsorption chromatography method is a very important comprehensive experimental project for petrochemical college students.In the past teaching experiments,it was found that the error of the yield was large.Since the experiment is characterized by complicated flow,various operation steps,and long spent-time,it was difficult to determine the cause of error.Based on the theoretical analysis of the flow and system error of four-component analysis test-it is proposed that the system error is mainly derived from the irreversible adsorption of the sub-large molecular weight and polar substrong resin components on the stationary phase of alumina.By changing the flow direction of resin components in the column,the yield of resin components is increased by 6%,the whole yield of heavy oil components is increased from 91%-93% to higher than 98%»and the system error is eliminated bascially.The improved experiments have achieved good teaching experimental results,and provide support for the follow-up research.

关 键 词：重油四组分分析 液固吸附色谱 胶质组分 分析误差 

分 类 号：TE622-4[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] G642.423[文化科学—高等教育学]