围栏条件下中华姬鼠和北社鼠对完好和虫蛀锐齿槲栎种子的取食和贮藏行为差异  

Differences in feeding and hoarding behaviors between intact and weevil-infested seeds of Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata by Apodemus draco and Niviventer confucianus under enclosure conditions

作　　者：侯祥[1] 张博[2] 韩宁[1] 封托[1] 王京[1] 陈晓宁[1] 常罡[1] HOU Xiang;ZHANG Bo;HAN Ning;FENG Tuo;WANG Jing;CHEN Xiaoning;CHANG Gang(Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation,Shaanxi Institute of Zoology,Xi’an 710032,China;College of Life Sciences,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省秦岭珍稀濒危动物保育重点实验室,陕西省动物研究所,西安710032 [2]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710062

出　　处：《兽类学报》2020年第4期390-397,共8页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：陕西省科学院重大科学研究专项(2014K-38,2018K-04);陕西省科学院科技计划项目(2017K-11);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2018NY-135);西安市第一次野生动物资源调查项目(XCZX2015-0297-3);国家自然基金青年科学基金项目(31901085)

摘　　要：种子贮藏是啮齿动物利用食物资源的一种适应性行为(Vander Wall,1990)。经过长期的进化,啮齿动物形成了两种主要的贮藏食物行为:一是集中贮藏,即把收集的大量食物集中在其洞穴或临时栖息场所贮藏,通常有少量贮藏点,每个贮藏点有大量种子;二是分散贮藏,即把收集的种子分散贮藏在相对较大范围或其巢域周围,通常有大量贮藏点,但每个贮藏点仅贮藏约1~3粒种子。与集中贮藏相比,分散贮藏扩展了植物种子的分布范围,降低了种子被动物取食的概率。Seed hoarding by seed-eating rodents is a critical strategy for survival during periods of food shortage.Rodents are believed to modify their hoarding behavior when seeds are infested with weevils(Curculio spp.).Here we investigated the effects of intact and insect infestation of Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata on the hoarding behavior of two sympatric rodent species(Apodemus draco and Niviventer confucianus) under semi-natural enclosures in Foping National Nature Reserve,Qinling China,during September-November 2016.The results showed that:(1) A.draco and N.confucianus could distinguish intact and insect-infested seeds,and preferred to eat and hoard intact seeds.(2)Some of insect-infested seeds still were eaten and hoarded by both rodent species.(3) N.confucianus only larder hoarded intact and insect-infested seeds,whereas A.draco performed both larder hoarding and scatter hoarding intact seeds only.These results suggested that A.draco and N.confucianus can discriminate between infested and non-infested seeds but they showed different hoarding strategies for the infested and intact seeds,and such differences were largely affected by infested with weevils seeds of Q.aliena var.acuteserrata.

关 键 词：鼠类 贮藏行为 虫蛀种子 半自然围栏 锐齿槲栎 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]