茂兰喀斯特常绿落叶阔叶混交林林窗下木本植物更新组成  

Regeneration composition of woody plant species under forest gap in Maolan Karst evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest

作　　者：罗丝琼 张广奇 郭其强 刘莎茜 戚玉娇 LUO Si-qiong;ZHANG Guang-qi;GUO Qi-qiang;LIU Sha-qian;QI Yu-jiao(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2020年第7期2131-2139,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2874号);贵州省基础研究计划项目(黔科合基础[2020]1Y124);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31700385)资助。

摘　　要：对茂兰喀斯特森林中不同特征林窗内木本植物更新进行调查,计算不同特征林窗内木本植物的重要值、密度和丰富度,分析不同林窗大小、年龄和形成原因与木本植物更新组成的关系。结果表明:林窗大小对木本植物密度和丰富度有显著影响,耐荫树种密度和丰富度在大林窗(>200 m^2)分别为0.32株·m^-2和3.26,中性树种密度和丰富度分别为0.40株·m^-2和2.54,均比在小林窗(≤200 m^2)中显著增大,表明大林窗(>200 m^2)能为耐荫树种和中性树种提供适宜光照条件和生长环境。幼年期林窗中以耐荫树种为优势种,重要值为0.377;中年期林窗以中性树种为优势种,重要值为0.400;老年期林窗以喜光树种为优势种,重要值为0.325,表明随着林窗年龄的增加,林窗内喜光树种逐渐占据优势。林窗形成原因对木本植物密度有显著影响,中性树种和喜光树种的密度在藤本绞杀形成的林窗均为0.43株·m^-2,比在人为伐倒和病虫害形成的林窗中显著增大,表明藤本绞杀可为喜光树种和中性树种的生长提供适宜条件。We investigated the regeneration composition of woody plant species in the gaps with different characteristics(gap size,gap age,and causes of gap formation)in Maolan Karst forest by calculating the importance values,density,and richness of woody species,and analyzing the relationships between their regeneration and different gap characteristics.Our results showed that gap size significantly affected the density and richness of woody species.Both the density and richness of shade-tolerant species(0.32 individual·m^-2 and 3.26 species·m^-2,respectively)and intermediate shade-tolerant species(0.40 individual·m^-2 and 2.54 species·m^-2,respectively)in large gaps(>200 m^2)were significantly higher than those in small gaps(≤200 m^2),suggesting that large gaps(>200 m^2)could provide suitable light conditions and growth environment for shade-tolerant species and intermediate shade-tolerant species.Dominant species in young gaps were shade-tolerant species,with an importance value of 0.377.Dominant species of middle-aged gaps were intermediate shade-tolerant species,with an importance value of 0.400.Dominant species of old gaps were shade-intolerant tree species,with an importance value of 0.325.Those results suggested that shade-intolerant species gradually became dominant with the increasing gap age.The cause of forest gap formation had a significant effect on the density of woody species.The density of intermediate shade-tolerant species(0.43 individual·m^-2)and shade-intolerant species(0.43 individual·m^-2)in the gaps caused by the lianas twining was significantly higher than that that in the gaps caused by the artificial cutting,disease,or insect pests,suggesting that the gaps caused by lianas twining could provide suitable conditions for shade-intolerant species and intermediate shade-tolerant species.

关 键 词：喀斯特森林 林窗 树种组成 优势树种 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]