垦复结合施肥对毛竹林生长及土壤理化特性的影响  

Effects of Ploughing and Fertilization Combination on New Culm Growth and Soil Physicochemical Properties of Moso Bamboo Forest

作　　者：王勤[1] 孙孟瑶 遆建航 王亮[1] 曹小青 徐小牛[1] WANG Qin;SUN Meng-yao;TI Jian-hang;WANG Liang;CAO Xiao-qing;XU Xiao-niu(School of Forestry & Landscape Architecture,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2020年第4期13-17,共5页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：安徽省重点研究和开发计划(1804h07020154);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0600105-03)。

摘　　要：为了探讨经营措施对毛竹生长及林地土壤肥力的影响,在安徽铜陵凤凰山村选择代表性毛竹林,采用随机区组设计研究不同处理(包括垦复、垦复+尿素、垦复+鸡粪有机肥和对照)对毛竹林新竹生长和土壤肥力指标的影响。结果表明,不同处理措施新竹成竹量存在差异,特别是处理后第2年各处理差异极显著(P<0.01)。垦复施肥处理第2年新竹胸径、秆高显著高于对照和垦复处理(P<0.05)。垦复施肥对毛竹林土壤理化性质指标影响显著,垦复显著降低了0~20 cm土层容重,提高了土壤持水性能;鸡粪有机肥施用显著提高了土壤有机C、有效N含量,尤其是有效P含量比对照提高6倍,而尿素施用后导致表层土壤有效P降低。新竹生长受到表层0~40 cm土壤有效N和P、最大持水力和容重的显著影响。研究结果为毛竹林科学经营及土壤肥力维持提供了依据。In order to reveal the effects of management measures on the growth and soil fertility of Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescens)forest,a random block design was adopted at Fenghuang Village Forestry Farm in Tongling,Anhui.Four treatments were designed as ploughing,ploughing+applying urea,ploughing+applying chicken manure,and control.The results showed that there existed somewhat differences in new culm numbers among various treatments,and particularly in the second year after treatment,significant differences appeared(P<0.01).The mean DBH and height of the new culm were significantly greater in ploughing combined with fertilization than in only ploughing and the control(P<0.05).Ploughing combined with fertilization significantly affected soil physicochemical properties in Moso bamboo forests.Ploughing significantly decreased soil bulk density and increased water-holding capacity in 0-20 cm soil depth.The chicken manure application significantly increased soil organic carbon and available nitrogen,especially available phosphorus was seven times as high as the control.However,the urea application resulted in decreased soil available phosphorus in the surface soil layer.The growth of the new culm was significantly affected by available nitrogen and phosphorus,water-holding capacity,and bulk density of 0-40 cm soil layer.Our results provide a basis for rational management and soil fertility maintenance of bamboo forest.

关 键 词：毛竹林 新竹生长 土壤有机碳 氮磷有效性 土壤持水力 

分 类 号：S795.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]