基于动作功能视域下的高校网球教学运动损伤及成因分析  

Analysis on the Injury and Its Causes in College Tennis Teaching Based on the Perspective of Motor Function

作　　者：张卫[1] 张志斌[1] 梁志翔 Zhang Wei;Zhang Zhibin;Liang Zhixiang(Guangzhou Polytechnic of Sports,Guangzhou 510500,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广州体育职业技术学院,广东广州510500

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2020年第8期23-26,共4页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：2015年广东省教育研究院一般课题(项目编号:GDJY-2015—B-b130);广州市高等学校第五批教育教学改革重点资助项目(项目编号:2013010);2017年广州市教学成果培育项目(项目编号:穗教科【2017】35号)。

摘　　要：运动损伤是影响网球教学效果和专项技战术水平提高的一个重要因素。发现和掌握网球教学过程中男、女学生运动损伤发生的基本规律,对预防和减少网球运动损伤的发生,提高教学效果具有重要的意义。本研究以运动损伤部位的动作功能为切入点,运用动作稳定性、灵活性、对称性筛查,动作的向心和离心能力和身体形态评估等方法,探讨高职五年制网球专项男、女学生运动损伤差异性成因、与损伤部位动作功能状态的关联性,从动作功能的角度为网球运动教学过程中运动损伤的预防提供科学的依据与方法。研究结果表明:女生肩关节损伤发生率比男生高,与肩关节稳定性、向心收缩与离心退让能力不足相关。男生膝关节损伤发生率比女生高,与下肢灵活性、矢状面稳定性及下肢离心退让能力不足相关。女生下腰部损伤发生率比男生高,与下肢能量传递过程中的核心稳定不足、盆骨脊柱带的结构合理性较差相关。Sports injury is an important factor that affects tennis teaching effect and students'specific skill and tactics level.It is of great significance to find out and master the basic rules of sports injury of male and female students in tennis teaching,to prevent and reduce the occurrence of tennis sports injury,and to improve the teaching effect.This study starts from the motor function of the sports injury,uses the methods of movement stability,flexibility,symmetry screening,centripetal and centrifugal ability and body structure evaluation to explore the causes of the difference in sports injury and the motor function of the injured part of the five year tennis special male and female students.From the angle of motor function,it provides scientific basis and method for prevention of sports injury in tennis teaching.The results show that the incidence of shoulder injuries is higher in girls than in boys,which is related to the stability of shoulder joints,centripetal contraction and insufficient centrifugal yielding ability.The incidence rate of knee joint injury in boys is higher than that in girls,which is related to the flexibility of lower limbs,the stability of sagittal plane and the insufficient centrifugal yielding ability of lower limbs.The incidence rate of lower waist injury in girls is higher than that in boys,which is related to the lack of core stability in the process of energy transfer of lower limbs and the poor structural rationality of pelvic bone and spinal cord.

关 键 词：动作功能 运动损伤 差异性 分析 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]