紫粒小麦核型及45S rDNA位点分析  

Analysis of karyotype and 45S rDNA locus of purple grain wheat

作　　者：王妍君 秦文艳 郝柳岸 王秀元 马有虎 刘玉玲 WANG Yan-jun;QIN Wen-yan;HAO Liu-an;WANG Xiu-yuan;MA You-hu;LIU Yu-ling(School of Biological and Food Engineering,An'yang Institute of Technology,An'yang 455000;Hua County Branch Office,An’yang Ecology and Environen Bureaue,An'yang 456400,China)

机构地区：[1]安阳工学院生物与食品工程学院,河南安阳455000 [2]安阳市生态环境局滑县分局,河南安阳456400

出　　处：《生物技术》2020年第3期243-246,242,共5页Biotechnology

基　　金：河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划(“作物分子细胞遗传学”,20IRTSTHN021)。

摘　　要：[目的]建立紫粒小麦的染色体核型,明确紫粒小麦45S rDNA位点的数量与染色体分布,为育种应用提供细胞遗传学资料。[方法]制备紫粒小麦有丝分裂中期染色体制片,通过染色体核型分析软件进行图像采集、染色体长度测量分析,获得紫粒小麦的核型;以45S rDNA为探针,通过荧光原位杂交技术分析其在紫粒小麦染色体上的数量和分布特点。[结果]紫粒小麦的核型特征为2n=6x=42=34m(2SAT)+8sm(2B),染色体上具有3对位于较长染色体臂的近端部45S rDNA杂交位点。[结论]紫粒小麦为六倍体(2n=6x=42),具有不对称的进化属性2B型;在染色体组上有3对45S rDNA位点分布在3对不同染色体,为深入研究紫粒小麦的系统分类提供了细胞学资料。[Objective]To establish the chromosome karyotype of purple grain wheat,determine the number and chromosome distribution of 45S rDNA.[Method]The metaphase chromosome of purple grain wheat was prepared.Then,the karyotype was obtained chromosome karyotype analysis software based on chromosome length.Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)technique was used to analyze the number and distribution of 45S rDNA on purple grain wheat chromosome.[Result]The karyotype of purple grain wheat was 2n=6x=42=34m(2SAT)+8sm(2B),and there were 3 pairs of 45S rDNA hybridization sites on the proximal end of the long chromosome arm.[Conclusion]Purple wheat is hexaploid(2n=6x=42),and has the asymmetric evolutionary property type of 2B.There were 3 pairs of 45S rDNA sites on the 3 pairs of different chromosomes,which provided cytological data for further study on the systematic classification of purple grain wheat.

关 键 词：紫粒小麦 核型 45S rDNA FISH 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]