基于2019冠状病毒(COVID-19)对严寒地区医院HVAC系统的研究  

Based on 2019 Coronavirus(COVID-19)Research on HVAC System in Hospitals in Severe Cold Area

作　　者：张淑秘[1] 周冠丞 ZHANG Shumi;ZHOU Guancheng(College of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Jilin Building University)

机构地区：[1]吉林建筑大学市政与环境工程学院

出　　处：《上海节能》2020年第7期693-698,共6页Shanghai Energy Saving

摘　　要：随着经济社会的发展,室内污染源趋于多样化,给人类健康带来极大危害。现代化综合医院规模庞大,来访人次剧增,尤其在疫情爆发期间,医院原有的HVAC系统难以满足对空气品质的卫生安全要求,大型综合医院在一定程度上成为了疾病传染的重灾区。基于2019冠状病毒及其他传染性病菌在医院内的传播途径对医院现有HVAC系统进行调研分析,得出严寒地区医院HVAC系统在疫情期间应采用全新风方式运行并辅以冷壁下布置加热器的方法,可有效降低感染率的结论。在现有送/回风管段及HVAC系统末端加装离子、静电以及光触媒等对病毒和尘埃有不同侧重的净化过滤装置,在满足净化要求的条件下提高医院使用回风的安全性。对于新建医院HVAC系统应加强平疫结合的设计理念,在疫情爆发时通过转换密闭风阀等措施实现平疫转换,无需改造现有医院空调系统的布局与设施,能在较短时间实现疫情期间的正常接诊任务。With the development of economy and society,indoor pollution sources tend to diversify,bringing great harm to human health.Modern general hospitals are large in scale,and the number of visitors increases dramatically.Especially during the outbreak,the hospital’s original HVAC system is difficult to meet the health and safety requirements for air quality.Based on 2019 coronary virus and other infectious pathogens in nosocomial transmission way of HVAC system currently used in hospital survey analysis,the latest progress in the study of HVAC system for hospital were summarized,concluded that cold region hospital HVAC system shall be in full fresh air during epidemic run along with cold wall arrangement methods of heater,can effectively reduce the infection rate of conclusion.In the existing return duct section and the HVAC system end to add ions,static electricity and photocatalyst purification filter equipment for virus and dust have different emphasis,in order to meet the purification requirements to improve the safety of hospital use of return air.For the newly built HVAC system of the hospital,the design concept of the combination of epidemic prevention and treatment should be strengthened.In the outbreak of the epidemic,the transformation of the epidemic prevention and treatment can be realized by means of the transformation of airtight air valves and other measures.It is not necessary to transform the layout and facilities of the existing hospital air conditioning system,and the normal reception and treatment can be realized in a short time.

关 键 词：严寒地区 医院 HVAC系统 交叉传染 

分 类 号：R197.38[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]