十六烷基三甲基氯化铵改性黏土固沙保水性能  

Sand fixation and water retention performance of clay modified by cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride

作　　者：渠永平 张增志[2] Qu Yongping;Zhang Zengzhi(School of Materials Science and Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Research Institute of Ecological and Functional Materials,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030051 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)生态功能材料研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2020年第13期109-115,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50772131);教育部重点项目(106086);山西省应用基础研究计划(201801D221147)联合资助。

摘　　要：为解决沙漠公路施工和养护中固沙难的问题,利用十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Chloride,CTAC)制备了一种改性黏土材料。研究了材料的力学性能、抗老化性能和保水性能,并利用X射线衍射仪、红外光谱分析仪和扫描电子显微镜对其固沙保水机理进行分析。结果表明:当CTAC与黏土的质量比为5:4时,固沙材料力学性能和耐老化性能较好,其透气保水性能较为均衡,草籽发芽率达到最高,为47%。微观分析表明:CTAC通过插层作用将松散的黏土颗粒连接,黏土间隙变为憎水性,水分运移阻力增大,因此改性黏土固沙保水性能较好。研究结果可为固沙材料的改进应用提供参考。A kind of clay modified by Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Ahloride(CTAC)was prepared to solve the problem of sand fixation in desert highway construction and maintenance.H1,H2,H3,H4 and H5 were assigned to the treatments with mass ratios of CTAC to clay 2:4,3:4,4:4,5:4 and 6:4,respectively.In addition,unmodified clay was prepared as the control group H.Water retention performance was tested in an artificial climate box to simulate the desert climate.And the changes of mass and compressive strength were compared before and after ageing to test the anti-aging property.The grass planting experiment was conducted to analyze the effect of materials on germination rates.At last,the mechanism of sand fixation and water retention was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer,infrared spectrum analyzer and scanning electron microscope.The results showed that the water retention property was obviously improved with the increase of CTAC content.The moisture content of H5 and H4 were 27%and 23%respectively,while H1 was 7%on the 7 th day,indicating the water retention performance of modified clay samples were gradually enhanced with the increase of CTAC content.In the compressive strength test,the strength of the unmodified clay group H was failed to measure due to the strength less than 0.1 MPa,while the strengths of the modified clay samples were significantly improved,and the strengths of the modified clay samples all met the standard requirements(no less than 1 MPa).Moreover,the strength of the modified clay increased with the increase of the content of CTAC,with the highest and higher strength of H5 and H4(2.2 and 2.1 MPa respectively),and the lowest strength of H1(1.7 MPa).This indicated that CTAC could bond dispersed clay particles together to form a consolidation layer,and its strength could meet the requirements of mechanical construction.In the anti-aging performance test,after aging for 500 h,no obvious cracks were found on the surface of the samples,and the water retention performance decreased by less than 5%.The strength and ma

关 键 词：固沙 水分 荒漠化 保水 十六烷基三甲基氯化铵 改性黏土 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]