中俄毛皮贸易现状、问题与对策建议  

Current Situation and Counter Measures of Fur Trade Between China and Russia

作　　者：李巧 Li Qiao

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院研究生院世界历史系

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2020年第4期85-101,共17页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

摘　　要：在中俄双边贸易中,毛皮贸易历来占有一席之地。中俄毛皮贸易始于17世纪,于18世纪达到鼎盛,19世纪下半叶至20世纪90年代陷入低谷。苏联解体后,俄罗斯因毛皮业衰落而成为中国第一大毛皮出口市场,中俄毛皮贸易经历了迅速升温、波动式前行、低潮与回暖四个阶段。中俄毛皮贸易之所以呈现波动性发展特征,除了与俄罗斯市场需求变化有关外,还与国际金融市场的不稳定性密切相关。目前,中俄毛皮贸易仍存在诸多亟待解决的问题,如对俄罗斯毛皮市场过分依赖、产品质量不过关、缺乏必要的交流与合作、“灰色清关”与走私活动屡禁不止等,应引起双方高度重视。为推动中俄毛皮贸易健康发展,两国应携手合作,共建良好的法律环境,加强沟通,探索多样化的合作途径。同时,中国应改变对俄贸易策略,重树产业正面形象,实施品牌战略,不断拓宽毛皮业的服务范围,正视毛皮动物福利。In the bilateral trade between China and Russia,the fur trade has always had a place.The fur trade between China and Russia began in the 17th century,reached its peak in the 18th century and declined from the second half of the 19th century to the 1990s.After the collapse of the Soviet Union,Russia became the largest fur export market of China due to the decline of the fur industry.The fur trade between China and Russia experienced four stages:rapid warming,undulating advance,low tide and recovery.The reason why the fur trade between China and Russia shows the characteristics of fluctuating development is not only related to the changes in the Russian market demand,but also closely related to the instability of the international financial market.At present,the fur trade between China and Russia still has many urgent problems to be solved,such as over-dependence on the Russian fur market,poor product quality,lack of necessary exchanges and cooperation,"grey customs clearance"and smuggling activities,which should be attached great importance by both sides.In order to promote the healthy development of the fur trade between China and Russia,the two countries should work together to build a sound legal environment,strengthen communication and explore diversified ways of cooperation.At the same time,China should change its trade strategy with Russia,reshaping the positive image of the industry,implementing the brand strategy,constantly expanding the service scope of the fur industry and facing up to the fur animal welfare.

关 键 词：中俄 毛皮贸易 “灰色清关” 

分 类 号：F125.551.2[经济管理—世界经济]