城市道路网络拓扑结构对常规公共交通的适宜性评价  

A Suitability Evaluation of Urban Road Network Topology for Conventional Bus Transits

作　　者：宋小冬[1] 李晓晗 齐文菲 林本江[3] 陈晨 赵一夫 王骏 SONG Xiaodong;LI Xiaohan;QI Wenfei;LIN Benjiang;CHEN Chen;ZHAOYifu;WANG Jun

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室 [2]同济大学,城市规划系 [3]济南市规划设计研究院 [4]上海社会科学院,城市与人口发展研究所 [5]上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司

出　　处：《城市规划学刊》2020年第4期43-50,共8页Urban Planning Forum

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目“高密度城区路网拓扑结构定量评价方法及规划技术研究——基于公交优先的视角”(批准号:51908354);上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司科研项目“适宜常规公交的城市道路结构规划方法”(项目编号:KY-2019-YB-B02)。

摘　　要：道路系统是常规公共交通得以运营的物质条件,将道路网络规划好,是城市规划支持公交最基本的手段。研究提出道路网络适宜公交的三个经验假设:①路段易经过、宜经停;②少曲折、较顺直;③较连贯,可运营较长的线路。引入社会网络分析中的中间度(betweenness)概念和计算原理,以济南中心城区为例,sDNA为软件平台,计算每个路段的中间度指标,以路段上运营的公交线路数为主,乘客刷卡记录数为次,得到很强的线性相关,再做残差分析,从定量、定性两方面验证了三个经验假设。由此,可作为规划设计的三个条件。规划设计人员可借助本研究提出的中间度指标和计算方法,根据公交需求来布置道路网络结构,为公交企业提供既宽松、又有针对性的物质条件,使企业在布线、运营时,有较强的灵活性、针对性,提高常规公交的服务水平。The planning and design of road system is a foundation of the conventional bus transits in urban planning.This study puts forward three empirical hypotheses underlying the suitability of road network for the operation of the conventional bus transit,namely easily passable road sections,straight road-lines,and coherent road network.This study borrows the concept of betweenness in social network analysis to quantify the index of a road section.The study employs Jinan central city as a case and sDNA as the software platform and calculates the betweenness index of each road section.Both the number of bus routes on road sections(the primary factor)and the frequency of public transportation card usage(the secondary factor)are highly and linearly correlated withthe betweenness index.The analysis results verify the three empirical hypotheses and their utility in road network planning and design.Planners can apply the betweeness index in the design of road network,,which provides material support for conventional bus transit enterprises to achieve high-quality route planning and transit operation.

关 键 词：路网结构 拓扑 常规公交 济南 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]