青岛市居民室内空气污染现状  

Residential Indoor Air Pollution in Qingdao

作　　者：李丹丹[1] 王寅 徐春生[1] 张秀芹[1] 陆润泽 王炳玲[1] 姚孝元[2] 王先良[2] 王姣 LI Dandan;WANG Yin;XU Chunsheng;ZHANG Xiuqin;LU Runze;WANG Bingling;YAO Xiaoyuan;WANG Xianliang;WANG Jiao

机构地区：[1]青岛市疾病预防控制中心,山东省青岛市260000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2020年第3期243-248,266,共7页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：中央财政专项城市室内环境健康影响调查与防护措施效果评估(snhj01)。

摘　　要：目的了解青岛市城市居民室内环境空气质量状况,为今后开展城乡室内环境空气质量调查提供参考。方法 2018年随机抽取符合条件的59户家庭118个监测点(客厅和卧室)在非采暖季和采暖季分别测定温度、相对湿度、PM2.5、PM10、甲醛、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、NO2、菌落总数、真菌总数。结果非采暖季室内空气出现真菌总数、NO2、甲醛、PM_(10)和菌落总数污染,不合格率分别为48.4%(61/126)、37.3%(47/126)、20.6%(26/126)、4.76%(6/126)和3.97%(5/126);采暖季室内空气出现PM10、PM2.5、真菌总数、菌落总数和甲醛污染,不合格率分别为39.8%(43/108)、37.0%(40/108)、28.7%(31/108)、9.26%(10/108)和7.41%(8/108)。非采暖季室内与室外污染物(NO2、PM2.5、PM10)质量浓度差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为14.3、7.10和4.95,P<0.01),而采暖季室内与室外污染物(NO2、PM2.5、PM10)质量浓度差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为1.08、0.35和1.53,P> 0.05)。Spearman秩相关分析显示,座内空气中菌落总数与甲醛、真菌总数呈正相关(rs值分别为0.303和0.248,P<0.01);真菌总数与温度、相对湿度和NO2呈正相关(rs值分别为0.273、0.280和0.235,P<0.01),真菌总数与苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度呈负相关(rs值分别为-0.208、-0.261和-0.181,P<0.01)。结论青岛市城市居民室内空气主要污染物为甲醛、NO2、真菌和颗粒物。Objectives To understand the urban residential indoor air pollution characteristics in Qingdao City,and to provide reference guidance and suggestions for indoor air quality investigation in both urban and rural areas.Methods The 59 households and 118 monitoring sites,including living room and bedroom,were randomly selected in 2018.The temperature,relative humidity,PM2.5,PM10,formaldehyde,benzene,toluene,xylene,NO2,total count of bacteria and total count of fungus were measured during the non-heating and heating period.Results The indoor air pollution was mainly caused by total count of fungus,nitrogen dioxide,formaldehyde,PM10 and total count of bacteria during the non-heating period and the unqualified rates were 48.4%(61/126),37.3%(47/126),20.6%(26/126),4.76%(6/126)and 3.97%(5/126),respectively.The indoor air pollution was mainly caused by PM10,PM2.5,total count of fungus,total count of bacteria and formaldehyde during the heating period,and the unqualified rates were 39.8%(43/108),37.0%(40/108),28.70%(31/108),9.26%(10/108)and 7.41%(8/108),respectively.The concentrations of nitrogen dioxide,PM10 and PM2.5 indoor were significantly different with those outdoor in the non-heating period(t values were 14.3,7.10 and 4.95,respectively,P<0.01).While the difference between concentrations of nitrogen dioxide,PM10 and PM2.5 indoor and those outdoor were insignificant in the heating period(t values were 1.08,0.35 and 1.53,respectively,P>0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that the total count of bacteria was positively correlated to formaldehyde and total count of fungus(rs values were 0.303 and 0.248,respectively,P<0.01),and the total count of fungus was positively correlated to temperature,the relative humidity and nitrogen dioxide(rs values were 0.273,0.280 and 0.235,respectively,P<0.01)and negatively correlated to benzene,toluene and xylene(rs values were-0.208,-0.261 and-0.181,respectively,P<0.01).Conclusions Formaldehyde,nitrogen dioxide,fungus and particulate matters are the main urban residential indoor ai

关 键 词：室内 空气污染 甲醛 NO2 颗粒物 真菌 

分 类 号：R122.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学]