深圳市龙华区学龄前儿童全血中铅、钙、锌、铜、镁和铁的水平  

Analysis on Levels of Lead,Calcium,Zinc,Copper,Magnesium and Iron in Whole Blood among Preschool Children in Longhua District,Shenzhen

作　　者：张瑞中 陈琴 郭少燕 ZHANG Ruizhong;CHEN Qin;GUO Shaoyan

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市龙华区人民医院,广东省深圳市518109

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2020年第3期306-310,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的评估深圳市0至7岁儿童全血中铅和5种必需元素的水平和相关性。方法选择2017年1月至2018年9月在某院儿童健康体检中心接受体检的3 102名健康儿童为研究对象。利用原子吸收光谱法对儿童血液中钙(Ca)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、铅(Pb)等6种元素浓度水平进行检测。分析和比较不同发育期组中必需元素的分布,并采用Pearson相关性评估铅(Pb)元素和必需元素的关系。结果所有儿童的Pb平均含量为(40.16±16.10)μg/L,Pb中毒的患病率为0.55%(17/3 102)。与婴儿组Pb浓度(43.17±15.43)μg/L和幼儿组Pb浓度(40.51±15.07)μg/L相比,学龄前组的Pb浓度(32.51±14.20)μg/L显著降低(F=13.86,P <0.01)。分别有6.45%(200/3 102)、22.82%(708/3 102)、6.32%(196/3 102)、35.62%(1 105/3 102)的儿童的Cu、Zn、Ca、Fe含量低于正常阈值。随着年龄的增长,Cu、Zn、Fe浓度逐渐增加,而Ca浓度逐渐降低。Pearson相关性分析显示Zn和Mg、Fe (r分别为0.440和0.499,P<0.01),Cu和Zn、Ca、Mg、Fe (r分别为0.335、0.242、0.419、0.316,P <0.01),Ca和Mg (r=0.349,P<0.01),Mg和Fe(r=0.645,P <0.01)之间均存在显著的正相关,而Pb和Zn、Fe之间存在显著的负相关(r分别为-0.279和-0.224,P<0.05)。结论深圳市学龄前阶段儿童血Pb中毒的患病率控制良好,但儿童的整体血Pb水平并不乐观。血Pb水平可能受到儿童某些必需微量金属状态的影响,补充营养元素可能有助于减少Pb的吸收。Objectives To evaluate the distributions and correlations among nonessential(lead)and 5 essential elements in whole blood from 0-7 years old children in Longhua District,Shenzhen.Methods A total of 3102 healthy children who underwent physical examination at Children’s Health Checkup Center in Longhua District from January 2017 to September 2018 were included.Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine the level of 6 nonessential or essential elements such as calcium(Ca),zinc(Zn),copper(Cu),magnesium(Mg),iron(Fe)and lead(Pb)with children’s whole blood.Distributions of trace elements in different developmental stages were analyzed and compared.Pearson correlation was used to assess the relationships of Pb with 5 essential elements.Results The mean level of Pb was(40.16±16.10)μg/L,and the prevalence of plumbism in all children was 0.55%(17/3102).Compared with the infant group[(43.17±15.43)μg/L]and the young children group[(40.51±15.07)μg/L],the Pb level in the preschool group[(32.51±14.20)μg/L]was lower(F=13.86,P<0.01).6.45%(200/3102),22.82%(708/3102),6.32%(196/3102)and 35.62%(1105/3102)of children had Cu,Zn,Ca,and Fe levels below the normal threshold.With the increase of age,the concentrations of Cu,Zn and Fe gradually increased,while the level of Ca gradually decreased.Pearson correlation analysis showed that there were significant positive correlations between Zn and Mg,Fe(r values were 0.440 and 0.499,respectively,P<0.01),Cu and Zn,Ca,Mg,Fe(r values were 0.335,0.242,0.419,0.316,respectively,P<0.01),Ca and Mg(r=0.349,P<0.01),Mg and Fe(r=0.645,P<0.01),and there is a significant negative correlation between Pb and Zn,Fe(r values were-0.279 and-0.224,respectively,P<0.05).Conclusions Although the prevalence of plumbism among children was relatively low with the prevention and control measures in recent years in Longhua District,Shenzhen,the overall blood Pb levels in this population was not such optimistic.Results showed that blood Pb levels can be influenced by the status of some essential trace

关 键 词：铅暴露 学龄前 儿童 必需元素 相关性 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]