可调节根际温度的无土栽培系统在冬季番茄生产中的应用分析  

Application and Analysis of Soilless Culture System with Adjustable Rhizosphere Temperature in Winter Tomato Production

作　　者：周金平 卜崇兴 黄丹枫[1] 牛庆良[1] ZHOU Jin-ping;BU Chong-xing;HUANG Dan-feng;NIU Qing-liang(Agriculture and Biology College,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 201100,China;Shanghai Sunqiao Yijia Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海201100 [2]上海孙桥溢佳农业技术股份有限公司,上海201210

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2020年第8期41-47,共7页China Vegetables

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目〔沪农科创字(2019)第2-3号〕。

摘　　要：以樱桃番茄品种PFZL为试材,开展了利用可调节根际温度的无土栽培系统(ARTS)进行番茄越冬栽培加温保温效果的试验研究。结果表明,该系统可有效缓解基质温度受空气温度的影响,保持基质温度的稳定性;明显改善根际温度,基质温度控制在20~25℃之间,平均温度稳定在22~23℃;冬季采用该系统加温可促进番茄株高和茎粗的生长,每667 m2产量1527.05 kg,比常规栽培装置增产39.94%;较传统的锅炉加温方式平均节能72.90%,冬季加温运行费用为0.33元·m^-2·月-1,远低于燃煤锅炉加温的0.94元·m^-2·月-1,具有显著的增产、节能效果。Taking cherry tomato variety‘PFZL’as test material,this paper carried out experimental studies on overwinter tomato cultivation using soilless culture system with adjustable rhizosphere temperature.The results showed that this system could effectively alleviate the influence of substrate temperature by air temperature,maintain the stability of matrix temperature,and significantly improve the rhizosphere temperature.Thus,the matrix temperature was controlled between 20-25℃,and the average temperature,between 22-23℃.In winter adopting this system could promote the growth of tomato plant height and stem diameter.Tomato yield could reach 22.9 t·hm^-2,increased by 39.94%than that of the conventional tomato cultivation.Compared with the traditional boiler heating method,the average energy saving was 72.90%.The heating operation cost in winter was 0.33 yuan·m^-2·month-1,which was significantly lower than 0.94 yuan·m^-2·month-1 by the coal-fired boiler.Obviously,this system has significant yield increasing and energy saving effects.

关 键 词：樱桃番茄 越冬栽培 根际温度 产量 节能效果 效益分析 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S317[农业科学—园艺学]