纤维表面处理对短纤维/丁腈橡胶复合材料性能的影响  

Effects of fiber surface treatment on properties of short fiber/nitrile rubber composites

作　　者：万胜 李英哲 李琳[1] 江雪 李卓[1] WAN Sheng;LI Ying-zhe;LI Lin;JIANG Xue;LI Zhuo(Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics of Ministry of Education,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学橡塑材料与工程教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266042

出　　处：《合成橡胶工业》2020年第4期274-279,共6页China Synthetic Rubber Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51603110)。

摘　　要：使用经间苯二酚-甲醛-胶乳(RFL)体系处理及未处理的短切芳纶纤维(AF)和尼龙纤维(NF)分别与丁腈橡胶(NBR)制备复合材料,研究了纤维种类和表面处理对复合材料的性能,尤其是力学性能和耐磨性的影响。结果表明,与NF/NBR复合材料相比,AF/NBR复合材料的硬度和模量较高,但拉伸强度和扯断伸长率较低,这是由于AF与橡胶间较弱的相互作用及较大的模量差所导致的。对纤维进行RFL处理后,AF/NBR和NF/NBR复合材料的扯断伸长率分别提高297%和28%,前者的拉伸强度提高了30%,这可归因于RFL层对纤维-橡胶界面作用的提升。此外,AF/NBR复合材料的耐磨性较NF/NBR复合材料更好;RFL处理可通过改善NF与NBR的界面作用力提高复合材料的耐磨性,但降低AF/NBR复合材料的耐磨性,这是由于RFL的引入使后者硬度下降所致。Nitrile rubber(NBR)based composites were prepared with resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex(RFL)system treated and untreated chopped aramid fiber(AF)and nylon fiber(NF),respectively.The effects of the fiber type and the surface treatment on the properties of composites,especially mechanical properties and wear resistance,were studied.The results showed that the hardness and the modulus of the AF/NBR composite were higher than those of the NF/NBR composite,whereas tensile strength and elongation at break of the former were lower due to the poor interaction and the large modulus difference between the AF and the NBR matrix.When the RFL-treated fibers were applied,elongation at break of the AF/NBR and NF/NBR composites increased by 297%and 28%,respectively,and tensile strength of the former increased by 30%.This improvement should be attributed to the enhancement of the interfacial interaction.Furthermore,the wear resistance of the AF/NBR composite was better than that of NF/NBR composite.The RFL treatment could improve the wear resistance of the NF/NBR composite by increasing the interfacial interaction,but decreased the wear resistance of the AF/NBR composite due to the decrease of the hardness of the composite.

关 键 词：芳纶纤维 尼龙纤维 丁腈橡胶 复合材料 表面处理 力学性能 耐磨性 

分 类 号：TQ333.7[化学工程—橡胶工业]