七叶一枝花种子质量对出苗率的影响研究  

Study on the Effect of Seed Quality on the Seeding Emergence Rate of Paris Polyphylla

作　　者：苏海兰[1] 郑梅霞[1] 方少忠[2] 陈宏[1] 朱育菁[1] 单寄坪 SU Hai-lan;ZHENG Mei-Xia;FANG Shao-zhong;CHEN Hong;ZHU Yu-jing;Shan Ji-ping(Institute of Agricultural Biological Resources, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China;Fujian Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China;Fujian Chengtian Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd., Nanping, Fujian 354100, China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所,福建福州350003 [2]福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所,福建福州350003 [3]福建承天农林科技发展有限公司,福建南平354100

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2020年第5期62-65,共4页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2019R1034-9);福建省农业科学院项目(STIT2017-2-8、kjfw20、ZYTS2019011)。

摘　　要：明确七叶一枝花种子采收期和质量对出苗率的影响,为七叶一枝花的科学采种和种子前处理提供理论基础。以种子的萌发率和出苗率为指标,分别比较不同采收时间、果实成熟期和种子大小对出苗率的影响。结果表明:11月份采集成熟果实,去掉种皮过筛后的大种子,出苗率最高,为(88.7±3.5)%;七叶一枝花种子的最佳采收期为11月份果实裂开后外果皮为黄色时(果实成熟中期),种子出苗率较高,为(86.7±4.6)%;七叶一枝花大种子纵径为(4.21~5.32 mm)、横径为(2.36~3.12 mm)的出苗率显著高于小种子纵径为(2.58~3.96 mm)、横径为(1.47~2.03 mm),出苗率为(86.8±4.37)%。综合考虑,对福建省七叶一枝花种子的采收期建议为11月份时果实成熟中后期,果实开裂且果皮自然成熟呈黄色时即可采收。The effect of the harvesting time and quality of Paris polyphylla seed on the seeding emergence rate was clarified in this paper,in order to provide theoretical basis for the scientific seed collection and seed pretreatment of Paris polyphylla.By taking the germination rate and emergence rate of seeds as the indicators,the effects of different harvesting time,fruit mature period and seed size on the seeding emergence rate were compared.The results showed that when the ripe fruits were collected in November,the seedling emergence rate was the highest,being(88.7±3.5)%after removing the seed coat and sieving the large seeds.The best harvest time for the seed of Paris polyphylla was in November when the outer pericarp was yellow(at the middle stage of fruit ripening),and the seeding emergence rate was higher,being(86.7±4.6)%.The seedling emergence rate of the large seed with longitudinal diameter of(4.21-5.32 mm)and transverse diameter of(2.36-3.12 mm)was significantly higher than that of the small seed with longitudinal diameter of(2.58-3.96 mm)and transverse diameter of(1.47-2.03 mm),and the seedling emergence rate was(86.8±4.37)%.Through comprehensive consideration,it was recommended to harvest the seeds of Paris polyphylla in Fujian at the middle and late stage of fruit ripening in November,when the fruit was cracked and the pericarp was naturally yellow.

关 键 词：七叶一枝花 采收期 种子 萌发率 出苗率 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]