不同水平膨化豆粕添加对肉牛生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质影响  

Effects of extruded soybean meal at different levels on growth performance,slaughtering performance and meat quality of beef cattle

作　　者：王勇 郭成亮 辛淑荣[3] 李忠德 WANG Yong;GUO Chengliang;XIN Shurong;LI Zhongde(Key Laboratory of East China Urban Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Jinan,Shandong Province 250100,China;Animal Husbandry Development Center of Linqu County,Linqu,Shandong Province 262600,China;Key Laboratory of Wastes Matrix Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture,Jinan,Shandong Province 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业可持续发展研究所/农业农村部华东都市农业重点实验室,山东济南250100 [2]临朐县畜牧事业发展中心,山东临朐262600 [3]山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部废弃物基质化利用重点实验室,山东济南250100

出　　处：《中国饲料》2020年第15期112-115,共4页China Feed

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系牛创新团队潍坊综合试验站项目(SDAIT-09-15);山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SD2019ZZ020)。

摘　　要：为探讨不同水平膨化豆粕添加对肉牛生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响,采用单因素随机设计试验,选择日龄和体重相近、健康的肉牛45头,随机分成3组,每组3个重复,每个重复5头,1组为对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验2、3组分别用50%、100%膨化豆粕等量替代基础日粮中的豆粕,预试验7 d,试验期为56 d。试验结束后测定肉牛生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质。结果表明:试验3组平均日增重与1组相比提高19.8%(P<0.05),试验3组料肉比与1组相比降低9.6%(P<0.05),试验2、3组的平均采食量均高于1组(P>0.05);试验2、3组宰前活重、屠宰率均高于1组(P>0.05),试验3组酮体重、眼肌面积与1组相比分别提高15.5%、13.3%(P<0.05);试验2、3组的失水率、嫩度、pH、粗灰分与1组相比差异性不显著(P>0.05),试验3组粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、瘦肉率、大理花纹与1组相比分别提高18.4%、14.7%、12.7%、26.1%(P<0.05)。综上,100%膨化豆粕等量替代基础日粮中的豆粕,可以提高肉牛生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质。The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of expanded soybean meal on growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of beef cattle.A single factor randomized design experiment was conducted.45 beef cattle with similar age,weight and health were randomly divided into three groups.Each group had three replicates and five cattle in each replicate.Group 1 was fed with the basic diet.The other two groups were fed with 50%and 100%expanded soybean meal to replace the soybean meal in the basic diet,respectively.The experiment lasted for 7 days and the experimental period was 56 days.The results showed that the average daily gain of the group 3 was increased by 19.8%(P<0.05),the feed-meat ratio of the group 3 was decreased by 9.6%(P<0.05)compared with group 1,and the average feed intake of the groups 2 and 3 was higher than that of the group 1(P>0.05).The pre-slaughter live weight and slaughter rate of groups 2 and 3 were higher than those of group 1(P>0.05).The ketone weight and eye muscle area of group 3 were increased by 15.5%and 13.3%respectively compared with group 1(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in water loss rate,tenderness,pH and crude ash content of the three groups(P>0.05).Compared with group 1,the crude protein,crude fat,lean meat rate and marble pattern in group 3 were increased by 18.4%,14.7%,12.7%and 26.1%,respectively(P<0.05).In conclusion that:100%puffed soybean meal could improve the growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of beef cattle by replacing soybean meal in the basic diet equally.

关 键 词：膨化豆粕 肉牛 生产性能 屠宰性能 肉品质 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]