郑州市区<8岁儿童呼吸道疾病发病情况及多模式健康教育干预效果  

The incidence of respiratory diseases in children under 8 years old and the effect of multi-mode health education intervention in Zhengzhou city

作　　者：霍仙娜 张利敏[1] 师玉霞[1] HUO Xian-na;ZHANG Li-min;SHI Yu-xia(The Seventh Peopled Hospital,He'nan Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州市第七人民医院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《江苏预防医学》2020年第3期294-296,299,共4页Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省软科学研究计划(2018020865)。

摘　　要：目的了解郑州市区<8岁儿童呼吸道疾病发病情况、短期再入院率及多模式健康教育干预效果。方法2017年1月—2019年6月,按照分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取郑州市区5个街道、10所幼儿园和11所小学年龄<8岁3640名儿童,由家长填写调查问卷,调查近1年内婴幼儿呼吸道疾病发病情况、短期再入院率。采用多模式健康教育,对研究对象家长进行为期1个月的干预,对比干预前后家长对呼吸道疾病核心知识知晓率,分析干预效果。结果近1年内,<8岁儿童呼吸道疾病患病率为49.96%,最多的是上呼吸道感染,患病率12.54%。入院率最高毛细支气管炎为29.46%,短期再入院率最高哮喘为40.00%;所有短期再入院诱因中,未遵医嘱用药占比最高(33.74%);多模式健康教育干预前后,家长呼吸道疾病主要预防措施、预防性服药知晓率干预后差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),注射流感疫苗、注射肺炎疫苗知晓率干预后差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论郑州市区<8岁婴幼儿童呼吸道疾病患病率较高,多模式健康教育效果显著,仍需针对性地对家长进行呼吸道疾病预防宣传教育。Objective To explore and analyze the incidence of respiratory diseases,short-term readmission rate and the effect of multi-mode health education intervention for children<8 years old in Zhengzhou city.Methods From Jan 2017 to June 2019,according to stratified cluster random sampling method,a total of 3640 infants and young children aged less than 8 years were selected from5 streets,10 kindergartens and 11 primary schools in Zhengzhou city.Questionnaires were filled by parents,and all infants and young children were investigated on the incidence of respiratory diseases and short-term readmission rate in the past year.Parents enrolled in the study were involved in the intervention for 1 month through multi-mode health education,their awareness rates of the core knowledge of respiratory diseases before and after intervention were compared.The final intervention effect was analyzed.Results The total prevalence was 49.96% for children younger than 8 years in the past year.The highest prevalence was observed for upper respiratory tract infection(accounted for 12.54%).The admission rate of bronchiolitis was the highest(29.46%).The highest short-term readmission rate was asthma(40.00%).Among all the causes of short-term readmission,the highest proportion was non-compliance with medication(33.74%).Before and after multi-mode health education intervention,the awareness rates of main preventive measures for respiratory diseases and preventive medication were statistically different(all P<0.05);the awareness rates of influenza vaccination and pneumonia vaccination were statistically different(all P<0.05).Conclusion Among children younger than 8 years old in Zhengzhou city,the incidence of upper respiratory tract infection is relative high.Targeted propaganda and education on respiratory disease prevention for parents should be carried out.Multi-mode health propaganda and education has remarkable effect.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 呼吸道疾病 健康教育 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]