1961—2017年攀西烤烟生育期农业气候资源变化特征  

Characteristics of agricultural climate resource changes during the growth stages of tobacco during 1961-2017 in Panxi Region, China

作　　者：张玉芳[1,2,3] 杨柳 刘琰琰[5] 张秀琼 陈超 谢士娟[4] 冯文帅[4] ZHANG Yu-fang;YANG Liu;LIU Yan-yan;ZHANG Xiu-qiong;CHEN Chao;XIE Shi-juan;FENG Wen-shuai(Institute of Plateau Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Chengdu/Heary Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610072,China;Water-Saving Agriculture in Southern Hill Area Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610066,China;Agro meteorological Center of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610072,China;Sichuan Rural Science and Technology Development Center,Chengdu 610041,China;College of Atmospheric Science&Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局成都高原气象研究所/高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室,成都610072 [2]南方丘区节水农业研究四川省重点实验室,成都610066 [3]四川省农业气象中心,成都610072 [4]四川省农村科技发展中心,成都610041 [5]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室气候与环境变化联合实验室,成都610225

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2020年第7期2352-2362,共11页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合考察研究项目(2019QZKK0608);四川省科技厅应用基础研究项目(2018JY0341)资助。

摘　　要：研究当地主要农作物生育期的农业气候资源变化特征,对于区域农业可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究基于四川攀西地区1961—2017年15个烤烟种植县气象站点数据,采用平均温度、平均温度日较差、缺水率和总辐射4个气候因子,分析攀西烤烟种植区全生育期及不同生育阶段光、温、水等农业气候资源时空分布状况。结果表明:1961—2017年,攀西烤烟全生育期平均温度呈现由南至北逐渐降低的分布特点,大部分区域呈升高趋势,且显著升温的区域占播种总面积的54.5%;攀西东部大部及中部部分区域平均温度日较差呈上升趋势,且显著增大的区域占总面积的76.4%;攀西农区烤烟缺水率从南到北逐渐降低,总体呈上升趋势;攀西农区总辐射量呈现从西南到东北逐步减小趋势,其中,西南部气候倾向率为正值。研究期间,攀西烤烟平均温度在旺长-开始成熟期最高,总体均呈升高趋势;平均温度日较差在移栽-蹲苗期最大;移栽-蹲苗期的缺水率最大;开始成熟-成熟期的总辐射量最大,蹲苗-旺长期略有增长。It is of great significance for the sustainable development of regional agriculture to understand the changes of agricultural climate resources during the growth period of local main crops.Based on data from 15 meteorological stations in tobacco planting area of Panxi region,Sichuan,from 1961 to 2017,the average temperature,diurnal temperature range,water deficit,and radiation were used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of agricultural climate resources such as light,temperature,and water in the whole growth period and each growth stages respectively.From 1961 to 2017,the average temperature of tobacco during the whole growth period gradually decreased from south to north in Panxi,while temperature showed an increasing trend in most areas.The area with significantly increased temperature accounted for 54.5%of the total planting area.The diurnal temperature range in most area of the eastern Panxi and some of the central Panxi showed an upward trend,and these areas accounted for 76.4%of the whole Panxi region.Water deficit gradually decreased from south to north,with an increasing trend in the whole region.The radiation during the growth stage of tobacco was high in the southwest and low in the northeast,and the climatic tendency was positive values in the southwest.During the study period,average temperature was the highest in the period from vigorous growth to the beginning of maturity,with an overall upward trend.The diurnal temperature rage and water deficit were the highest in transplanting squatting seedling stage.Radiation was the highest at the beginning of maturity,which increased slightly at the beginning of seedling growth.

关 键 词：气候变化 攀西地区 烤烟 农业气候资源 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S162.3[农业科学—作物学]