5种卫矛属植物对低温胁迫的生理响应及抗寒性评价  

Physiological Response to Cold Stress and Evaluation of Cold Resistance for Five Species of Euonymus Linn.

作　　者：孟诗原 吕桂云 张明忠[2] 张志浩[2] 韦业 王华田[2] 刘秀梅 MENG Shiyuan;LV Guiyun;ZHANG Mingzhong;ZHANG Zhihao;WEI Ye;WANG Huatian;LIU Xiumei(Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou 510405, China;State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an,Shandong 271018,China;Yangxin Vocational School in Shandong Province,Binzhou,Shandong 251800,China;Shanghai Environment College,Shanghai 200135,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市林业和园林科学研究院,广州510405 [2]黄河下游森林培育国家林业和草原局重点实验室,山东农业大学,山东泰安271018 [3]山东省阳信县职业中专,山东滨州251800 [4]上海市环境学校,上海200135

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2020年第4期624-634,共11页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：山东省林业科技创新项目(LYCX03-2018-16);广州市科技计划(201803020010)。

摘　　要：以5种卫矛属树种(品系)当年生充分休眠离体带叶枝条为试材,在高低温湿热试验箱内进行0℃、-10℃、-20℃和-30℃共4个梯度低温胁迫处理,考察其叶片解剖结构以及细胞膜透性、渗透调节物质、保护酶活性等生理指标的低温响应特征,并结合隶属函数分析方法综合评价5种卫矛属植物抗寒性。结果表明:(1)‘北海道黄杨6号’叶片有3层紧密的栅栏组织,北海道黄杨、胶州卫矛和大叶黄杨叶片有2层紧密、1层相对疏松的栅栏组织,扶芳藤叶片则只有2层排列紧密的栅栏组织;5个树种叶片组织紧密度表现为‘北海道黄杨6号’>北海道黄杨>胶州卫矛>大叶黄杨>扶芳藤。(2)通过Logistic方程拟合叶片相对电导率随温度的变化,获得5种卫矛树种的半致死温度(LT50)由低到高依次为‘北海道黄杨6号’(-19.69℃)、北海道黄杨(-17.41℃)、胶州卫矛(-16.03℃)、大叶黄杨(-13.33℃)、扶芳藤(-10.45℃)。(3)各树种叶片渗透调节物质含量随胁迫温度的降低而持续增加,在-30℃低温时,叶片可溶性糖含量以‘北海道黄杨6号’和北海道黄杨的增幅最大,可溶性蛋白含量以胶州卫矛和大叶黄杨增幅最大,但两者含量均以扶芳藤增幅最小。(4)各树种叶片抗氧化酶活性均随胁迫温度的降低而先升高后降低,大叶黄杨和扶芳藤叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性均在-10℃低温胁迫时达到峰值,而‘北海道黄杨6号’、北海道黄杨和胶州卫矛叶中各酶活性在-20℃低温胁迫时才达到峰值,它们酶活性峰值出现的时间及高低与其半致死温度的结果相吻合。(5)隶属函数综合评价结果显示,5种卫矛属植物的抗寒能力表现为‘北海道黄杨6号’>北海道黄杨>胶州卫矛>大叶黄杨>扶芳藤。研究发现,在低温胁迫条件下,卫矛属植物一方面通过渗透调节物质的合成来提高细胞内的渗透势,另一方面通�The pot experiment was carried out by the low-temperature stress under controlled conditions.We selected the annual dormant stems in five species(strains)of Euonymus as the experimental materials,aiming to study the physiological mechanisms and cold-tolerance under controlled conditions.The temperature gradients were established of 0℃,-10℃,-20℃and-30℃,respectively,by a temperature/humidity chamber in this study.The properties of cell membrane permeability,contents of osmotic regulators,protective enzymes activities and other physiological indexes in different Euonymus species were tested by the lab.analysis when suffered to various temperature conditions.Otherwise,leaf anatomical structure and subordinate function were used to evaluate the resistance capability of five species(strains)under cold condition.The results showed that:(1)E.japonicus‘CuZhi’NO.6 had three close layers of palisade cell,while E.japonicus‘CuZhi’,E.kiautschovicus,E.japonicus had two close and one loose ones.In contrast,E.fortunei had only two close layers of palisade cell.Low-temperature stress led to varieties in leaf tissue tightness of the five E.species,and the order indicated that E.japonicus‘CuZhi’NO.6>E.japonicus‘Cu Zhi’>E.kiautschovicus>E.japonicus>E.fortunei.(2)The logistic equation was applied to analyze the relative conductivity of five E.species and the lethal temperature of 50%(LT50),and the arrangement was as follows:E.japonicus‘CuZhi’NO.6(-19.69℃)<E.japonicus‘CuZhi’(-17.41℃)<E.kiautschovicus(-16.03℃)<E.japonicus(-13.33℃)<E.fortunei(-10.45℃).(3)The contents of permeability regulate substances indicated a continuously increase with the decrease of treated temperature,while the soluble sugar content of E.japonicus‘CuZhi’NO.6 and E.japonicus‘CuZhi’improved the most at-30℃.Similarly,the soluble protein content of E.kiautschovicus and E.japonicus also largely increased.In contrast,the both former substance contents in E.fortune had the opposite trend.(4)The activities of antioxidan

关 键 词：卫矛属 低温胁迫 生理特性 叶片解剖结构 综合评价 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]