大理州农村育龄期妇女乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查  

Seroepidemiological survey of hepatitis B among rural women in child-bearing age in Dali prefecture

作　　者：何左 尤凤凤 HE Zuo;YOU Feng-feng(Department of Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Dali Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Province, Dali 671000,China;Clinical Laboratory, Dali Prefecture People′s Hospital, Yunnan Province, Dali 671000, China)

机构地区：[1]云南省大理州疾病预防控制中心急性传染病防治科,云南大理671000 [2]云南省大理州人民医院检验科,云南大理671000

出　　处：《河北医科大学学报》2020年第7期768-772,共5页Journal of Hebei Medical University

摘　　要：目的了解大理州农村育龄期妇女乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)血清流行病学特征,为预防和控制乙型肝炎提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法和随机数字表法选取15~49岁农村育龄妇女2063例。进行问卷调查和采集血标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测HBV血清学标志物。结果2063例农村育龄期妇女中HBV表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性45例(2.18%),表面抗体(HbsAb)阳性734例(35.58%),核心抗体(HBcAb)阳性243例(11.78%)。HBV血清学标志物检出模式共7种,以易感模式为主(59.38%)。山区育龄期妇女HBcAb阳性率高于非山区,少数民族育龄期妇女HBcAb阳性率高于汉族,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同调查地和民族育龄期妇女HBsAg和HBsAb差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随着年龄的增长,育龄期妇女HBsAg和HBcAb阳性率越高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同年龄育龄期妇女HBsAb阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。有乙型肝炎疫苗免疫史育龄期妇女HBsAg和HBcAb阳性率低于无免疫史者,HBsAb阳性率高于无免疫史者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论大理州农村育龄期妇女HBsAg阳性率接近于低流行水平,约60%人群处于HBV易感状态,应加强乙型肝炎防治知识宣传,促进育龄期妇女在孕前接种乙型肝炎疫苗。Objective To determine seroepidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus(HBV)among rural women of child-bearing age in Dali prefecture and to provide the scientific basis for prevention and control of HBV.Methods A total of 2063 rural women of child-bearing age from 15 to 49 years old were selected by stratified cluster sampling and random number table.The subjects were investigated by questionnaire survey and samples of blood were collected,and HBV serological markers were tasted by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Among 2063 rural women of childbearing age,45 cases(2.18%)were positive for HBsAg,734 cases(35.58%)for HBsAb and 243 cases(11.78%)for HBcAb.There were 7 detection patterns of HBV serological markers,mainly susceptible(59.38%).The positive rate of HBcAb in the childbearing age women in mountainous areas was higher than that in non mountainous areas,and the positive rate of HBcAb in the childbearing age women in ethnic minorities was higher than that in the Han nationality,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).With the increase of age,the positive rate of HBsAg and HBcAb in women of childbearing age was higher,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the positive rate of HBsAb in women of childbearing age(P>0.05).The positive rates of HBsAg and HBcAb in women of childbearing age with a history of hepatitis B vaccine immunization were lower than those without a history of hepatitis B vaccine immunization,and the positive rates of HBsAb were higher than those without a history of hepatitis B vaccine immunization(P<0.05).Conclusion The positive rate of HBsAg among rural women of child-bearing age in Dali prefecture is close to the low level,however,about 60%of the population are still susceptible for HBV.We should strengthen the propaganda of hepatitis B knowledge and promote hepatitis B vaccination among rural women in child-bearing age before pregnancy.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒 血清流行病学研究 育龄期妇女 

分 类 号：R373.21[医药卫生—病原生物学]