内燃叉车车架静动特性有限元分析及优化  

Finite element analysis and optimization for static and dynamic characteristics of diesel forklift frame

作　　者：童水光[1] 苗嘉智 童哲铭 何顺 相曙锋[2] 帅向辉 TONG Shui-guang;MIAO Jia-zhi;TONG Zhe-ming;HE Shun;XIANG Shu-feng;SHUAI Xiang-hui(College of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;Hang Fork Group Co.Ltd,Hangzhou 311305,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学机械工程学院,浙江杭州310027 [2]杭叉集团股份有限公司,浙江杭州311305

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（工学版）》2019年第9期1637-1646,共10页Journal of Zhejiang University：Engineering Science

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LR19E050002);浙江省重点研发计划资助项目(2014C01064,2018C01020,2018C01060,2019C01057).

摘　　要：为校验某高新企业研发的3 t内燃叉车车架可靠性并进一步改善其综合性能,采用有限元法分析其静动特性.计算车架在临界工况下的受力情况;进行模态分析,得到前6阶固有频率和振型;以模态分析结果为基础对车架进行谐响应分析;利用M2052高阻尼合金垫片对车架振动性能进行优化.结果表明:车架在临界工况下的最大应力达到141.75 MPa,低于车架材料的许用应力,具有较高安全性;车架前端板在一阶固有频率附近的振幅较大,改用M2052高阻尼合金垫片使其振幅峰值最大下降了20%,振动性能得到了明显改善.To verify the reliability of the 3-ton diesel forklift frame developed by a high-tech enterprise and to further improve its comprehensive performance,static and dynamic characteristics of the frame were analyzed by finite element method.The situation of forced frame under the critical condition was calculated.The preceding six-order natural frequencies and shapes were obtained by modal analysis.The harmonic response of the frame was analyzed based on the results of modal analysis.Finally,the high damping M2052 alloy gasket was used to optimize the vibration performance of the frame.Results show that the maximum stress of the frame was 141.75 MPa under the critical condition,which was lower than the allowable stress of the frame material.Therefore,the frame has high safety performance.The front-end plate of the frame has a large amplitude near the first order natural frequency.The frame amplitude peak decreased up to 20%by using the high damping M2052 alloy gasket,and its vibration performance is improved obviously.

关 键 词：叉车车架 动静特性 有限元分析 M2052高阻尼合金垫片 减震性能 

分 类 号：TH242[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]