北极东北航道船舶行为特征分析  

A Behavior Analysis of Ship Characteristics in Arctic Northeast Passage

作　　者：万辉 徐明强 付姗姗 WAN Hui;XU Mingqiang;FU Shanshan(Shanghai Chart Center,Donghai Navigation Safety Administration of MOT,Shanghai 200090,China;College of Transport&Communications,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]东海航海保障中心上海海图中心,上海200090 [2]上海海事大学交通运输学院,上海201306

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2020年第2期89-95,共7页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51709168);上海市科技创新行动计划项目(19692106500、18DZ1206104)资助。

摘　　要：北极东北航道开发和利用,对北极水域船舶通航安全管理提出了更高的要求。采用数据挖掘技术对2015—2017年北极东北航道船舶自动识别系统(AIS)的数据进行了处理与分析;采用Douglas-Peuker算法,对海量船舶AIS轨迹数据进行抽稀与验证;然后利用KD-Tree、DBSCAN和族心确认算法,对海量船舶AIS轨迹点进行了时空聚类分析;成功提取了船舶类型、船旗国、船舶轨迹、船舶密度及船舶速度等船舶行为特征,探索研究了船舶行为特征对于北极东北航道能源、环保及海上交通服务的作用与意义。研究表明,北极东北航道航行船舶以渔船和货船为主,船旗国以靠挪威和俄罗斯籍为主,船舶活动区域集中在巴伦支海与挪威海,主航道主要以8~15 kn速度航行。The development and utilization of the Arctic Northeast Passage(NEP)has raised higher requirements for the safe management of vessel navigation in Arctic waters. Data mining techniques are used to process and analyze data of the automatic identification system(AIS)for ships in the Arctic NEP from2015 to2017. Douglas-Peuker algorithm is used to sparse and validate the massive AIS trajectories of ships. The K-dimensional tree,density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN),and family center confirmation algorithms are used to make spatio-temporal clustering analysis for the massive ship AIS trajectory points. The ship behavior characteristics including ship type,flag state,ship trajectory,ship density,and ship speed are successfully extracted. The role and significance of ship behavior characteristics for energy,environmental protection,and marine traffic services in the Arctic NEP are explored and studied. The study shows that vessels navigating in the Arctic Northeast Passage are mainly fishing vessels and cargo ships,and the flag states are mainly Norwegian and Russian. Active regions of the vessels are concentrated in the Barents Sea and Norwegian Sea,and the main channel mainly navigates at8~15 knots.

关 键 词：北极东北航道 船舶AIS 船舶特征 时空分析 航海保障 

分 类 号：U676.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]