大西洋鲑循环水养殖系统中大菱鲆放养密度对混养效果的影响  

Effect of Stocking Density of Turbot Scophthalmus maximus on Polyculture of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar With Turbot in a Recirculating Aquaculture System

作　　者：侯明华 张黎黎 韩厚伟 江鑫 王振洋 HOU Minghua;ZHANG Lili;HAN Houwei;JIANG Xin;WANG Zhenyang(Shandong Oriental Ocean Science-Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yantai 264005,China)

机构地区：[1]山东东方海洋科技股份有限公司,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2020年第3期13-18,共6页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701705).

摘　　要：大西洋鲑Salmo salar与大菱鲆Scophthalmus maximus适宜生长水温相近,但栖息水层不同。本试验通过研究在循环水主养大西洋鲑(2 kg/尾)系统中混养不同密度大菱鲆(0.15 kg/尾)的养殖效果,旨在优化这两种鱼类工厂化循环水养殖模式。在水温16℃条件下,在循环水养殖系统10个单池面积40 m^2、水体120 m3的养殖池中放养大西洋鲑,密度为20尾/m^2,大菱鲆的混养密度分别为0尾/m^2、2.5尾/m^2、5尾/m^2、7.5尾/m^2和10尾/m^2,分析两种鱼类的摄食、出池体质量、特定生长率、成活率、毛产量、净产量、饲料系数等生产指标。结果表明,大菱鲆混养密度为2.5尾/m^2时,大西洋鲑出池体质量、特定生长率和成活率分别达最大值(4.755±0.049)kg、(0.3865±0.006)%/d和(98.995±0.177)%,且大菱鲆也达最佳生长与成活效果,可获最大总毛产量(31.795±0.384)kg/m3、最大总净产量(18.524±0.059)kg/m3和最低饲料系数(1.35±0.004),养殖效果显著优于大西洋鲑单养组[最大总毛产量(30.521±0.205)kg/m3、最大总净产量(17.413±0.077)kg/m3、饲料系数(1.44±0.006)];超过5尾/m^2,各生产指标显著低于单养组(P<0.05)。Since Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and turbot Scophthalmus maximus are suitable for growing at similar water temperature,and have different suitable habitat water layer,the effects of stocking density of turbot with body weight of 0.15 kg on polyculture of Atlantic salmon with body weight of 2 kg with turbot in a circulating water system to optimize the model of polyculture of Atlantic salmon with turbot.The turbot was polycultured in 10 ponds of each 40 m^2,and a farming water body of 120 m3 stocking with 20 ind/m^2 of Atlantic salmon at stocking density of 0 ind/m^2,2.5 ind/m^2,5.0 ind/m^2,7.5 ind/m^2,and 10 ind/m^2 of turbot in a circulating water systemat water temperature of about 16℃to analyze the feeding,final body weight(BW),specific growth rate(SGR),survival rate(SR),gross production,net production and feed conversion rate(FCR).Results showed that BW,SGR and SR of Atlantic salmon reached the maximal value of(4.755±0.049)kg,(0.3865±0.006)%/d and(98.995±0.177)%,turbot also reached the optimal growth and survival rate,and the maximal total gross production(TGP)(31.795±0.384)kg/m3,the maximal total net production(TNP)(18.524±0.059)kg/m3 and the minimal FCR(1.35±0.004)of the two species were observed in the polyculture group of 2.5 ind/m^2 of turbot,indicating that polyculture is significantly better than monoculture of Atlantic salmon[maximal TGP(30.521±0.205)kg/m3,maximal TNP(17.413±0.077)kg/m3,and the minimal FCR(1.44±0.006)].Then,polyculture indices will be significantly reduced when turbot is polycultured at stocking density of over 5 ind/m^2.

关 键 词：循环水混养 大西洋鲑 大菱鲆 成活率 生长 产量 饵料系数 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]