北疆棉田杂草多样性及群落组成  

Diversity and Community Composition of Weeds in Cotton Fields of Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：黄红娟[1] 张朝贤[1] 姜翠兰 张学坤[2] 黄兆峰[1] 吴文龙 魏守辉[1] HUANG Hong-juan;ZHANG Chao-xian;JIANG Cui-lan;ZHANG Xue-kun;HUANG Zhao-feng;WU Wen-long;WEI Shou-hui(Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Agricultural Reclamation Academy of Sciences,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [2]新疆农垦科学院植物保护研究所,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《杂草学报》2020年第1期7-13,共7页Journal of Weed Science

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项(编号:2013FY113200);新疆生产建设兵团科技发展专项资金(编号:2018AA006)。

摘　　要：为明确北疆棉田杂草种类及多样性,采用倒置W 9点取样法对北疆地区27块棉田共243个样方的杂草种类和鲜重进行调查,以明确棉田杂草的群落组成及结构。结果表明,北疆地区棉田主要杂草有44种,隶属于17科、38属,其中优势杂草3种(龙葵、灰绿藜和田旋花)、区域性优势杂草4种(野西瓜苗、反枝苋、苘麻和马齿苋)、常见杂草4种、一般杂草33种。北疆棉田的杂草群落主要由龙葵、灰绿藜、田旋花等阔叶杂草组成,给棉田杂草防控带来了严峻的挑战。A survey was conducted to investigate the community composition and structure of weed species and determine their fresh biomass in 243 sample plots in 27 cotton fields in northern Xinjiang.There were 44 weed species belonging to 17 families and 38 genera of which three were dorminant:Solanum nigrum L.,Chenopodium glaucum L.and Convolvulus arvensis L.Four species(Hibiscus trionum L.,Amaranthus retroflexus L.,Abutilon theophrasti Medicus and Portulaca oleracea L.)were of regional importance,whereas four species were considered common weeds and 33 species of general distribution.The weed community in cotton fields of northern Xinjiang is mainly composed of broadleaf weeds including S.nigrum,C.glaucum and C.arvensis,all of them being difficult to control in cotton fields.

关 键 词：北疆 棉田 杂草群落 禾本科杂草 阔叶杂草 多样性 优势度 抗药性 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]