肥料施用技术对烤烟新品种云烟116产质量的影响  

Effect of Fertilizer Application Technology on Yield and Quality of New Flue-cured Tobacco Variety Yunyan 116

作　　者：唐明[1] 杨懿德 程智敏[1] 李林秋 蔡毅[1] 杨洋[2] 杨苹[1] 鄢敏 黄胜[1] TANG Ming;YANG Yide;CHENG Zhimin;LI Linqiu;CAI Yi;YANG Yang;YANG Ping;YAN Min;HUANG Sheng(Yibin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yibin,Sichuan 644600,China;Yibin Tobacco Company,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China)

机构地区：[1]宜宾市农业科学院,四川宜宾644600 [2]四川省烟草公司宜宾市公司,宜宾644600

出　　处：《作物研究》2020年第4期343-348,367,共7页Crop Research

基　　金：四川省烟草公司科技项目(川烟科[2018]27号)。

摘　　要：为探明云烟116在宜宾烟区适宜的肥料施用技术,采用L9(34)正交试验设计,研究了施氮量、氮肥基追比和氮磷钾配比对云烟116产质量的影响。结果表明,不同施肥技术对云烟116农艺性状、经济性状、外观质量和内在化学成分均有较大影响。施氮量越多,烟株大田生育期越长,长势越旺,经济性状降低;氮肥基追比增加,下部叶面积增大,上部叶面积减小;氮磷钾配比对烟株病害和经济性状影响较大,其中钾肥比例越高病害越轻,经济性状越好,内在化学成分更协调。3个因素对上等烟叶比例、上中等烟叶比例、产值和均价的影响大小顺序均为:氮磷钾配比>施氮量>氮肥基追比;对产量的影响大小顺序为:施氮量>氮肥基追比>氮磷钾配比。综合考虑经济性状、外观质量和内在化学成分,云烟116在宜宾烟区以施纯氮量105 kg/hm2、氮肥基追比7∶3、氮磷钾配比1∶2∶3.5最好。To explore the suitable fertilizer application techniques for Yunyan 116 in Yibin,the effects of nitrogen rate,basal-topdressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer,ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on the yield and quality of Yunyan 116 were studied by the orthogonal design L9(34).The results showed that different treatments had great influence on agronomic characters,economic characters,appearance quality and internal chemical composition of Yunyan 116.The more nitrogen applied,the longer the growth period,the more prosperous the growth and the lower the economic character. The lower leaf area increased and the upper leaf area decreased with the increase of basal-topdressing ratio.The ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium had a great influence on plant diseases and economic characters of tobacco. The disease was lighter,the economic characters and the coordination of chemical composition were better under higher ratio of potassium. The influence of the three factors on the ratio of high grade leaves,the ratio of high-mid grade leaves,the value and the average price were as follows:ratio of N,P and K > nitrogen rate > basal-topdressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer,and the influence on the yield was as follows:nitrogen rate > basal-topdressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer > ratio of N,P and K. Comprehensive consideration of economic properties,appearance quality and internal chemical composition,the best fertilizer application scheme of Yunyan 116 in Yibin was 105 kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen,7∶3 of nitrogen base-topdressing ratio,and 1∶2∶3.5 of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio.

关 键 词：烤烟 施肥 产量 品质 云烟116 

分 类 号：S572.062[农业科学—烟草工业]