空气过滤器迎风面截留细菌存活趋势实验研究  

Investigation on the Survival Trend of Airborne Bacteria Retained by Air Filter:An Experiment Study

作　　者：刘子嘉 陈紫光 张惠 王梁淇 曹国庆 刘志坚[2] 张婧 张思琦 张圣楠 LIU Zijia;CHEN Ziguang;ZHANG Hui;WANG Liangqi;CAO Guoqing;LIU Zhijian;ZHANG Jing;ZHANG Siqi;ZHANG Shengnan(Institute of Building Environment and Energy Efficiency,China Academy of Building Research,Beijing 100013,China;Department of Power Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国建筑科学研究院有限公司,建筑环境与能源研究院,北京100013 [2]华北电力大学,动力工程系,河北保定071000

出　　处：《建筑科学》2020年第6期166-172,共7页Building Science

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目“室内微生物污染源头识别监测和综合控制技术”(2017YFC0702800);中国建筑科学研究院青年科研基金项目“空气净化器动态运行效果评价与优化设计问题探讨”。

摘　　要：空气过滤器迎风面截留细菌可在一定条件下继续滋生繁殖,形成二次污染,研究空气过滤器截留细菌存活与衰减特性对空气过滤装置管理维护与合理选型有重要意义。本文依托多功能空气过滤器性能实验平台与Collison喷嘴式微生物气溶胶发生装置,以枯草芽孢杆菌黑色变种(Bacillus subtilis var.niger,ATCC 9372)为实验菌种,实验研究了非抑菌型玻璃纤维滤料F8级中效空气过滤器迎风面截留细菌存活趋势。研究结果表明:空气过滤器染菌后1 d内,其迎风面菌落总数即可衰减75%左右,其中,前7 h内衰减速率最快,小时衰减率可达15.4%/h,而后17 h内细菌总数衰减速率急速变缓,阶段内菌落总数衰减不足10%。从第2 d起,菌落总数呈现较平稳地下降趋势,至3 d后全部死亡。阴性对照组实验结果表明,当室内空气细菌浓度处清洁水平时(即≤103CFU/m^3),环境中的空气过滤器一般不易被悬浮细菌污染。Relevant monitoring results reveal the airborne bacteria retained by air filters can still breeding and causes the secondary pollution.The investigation on survival time and reduction characteristics of the retained airborne bacteria by air filters will provide important guideline on the air cleaning system management and maintenance.In this study,an experiment for testing the Bacillus subtilis var.niger(ATCC 9372) survival characteristic which retained by the medium efficiency air filter(F8) was carried out,which depended on the air filters performance test platform and microbial aerosol generator(Collison injector).Test results show that there were 75% of bacterial colony colonized on air filter surface decreased within 1 day after contamination process.Among them,the fastest hourly decrease rate was happened to the first 7 hours,and the average hourly decrease rate was 15.4 %/h.However,the decrease rate was rapid decline during the latter 17 hours with only 10% decrement.In the second day,the number of bacterial colonies in air filter surface was shown a steady downward trend,and cannot be detected in the third day.In the negative control experiment,results indicated that the air filters can avoid being polluted by suspended bacteria when indoor airborne bacteria concentration classified in cleaning level(≤103 CFU/m^3).

关 键 词：空气过滤器 空气细菌污染 存活趋势 室内空气品质 实验与实测 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]