低温热源驱动两级负压管式淡化装置性能研究  

PERFORMANCE STUDY OF PERFORMANCE OF A TWO-EFFECT TUBULAR DESALINATION DEVICE DRIVEN BY LOW-TEMPERATURE HEAT SOURCES

作　　者：严天曈 谢果[1] 孙立成[1] 吴章林 郭卫民 鲍静静 Yan Tiantong;Xie Guo;Sun Licheng;Wu Zhanglin;Guo Weimin;Bao Jingjing(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,成都610065

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2020年第6期357-362,共6页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51606130,51706149,51506099,51376052)。

摘　　要：设计制造一种以太阳能等低温热源驱动,并在负压下运行的两级管式淡化脱盐装置。在44及62℃恒温热源加热条件下,测试装置处于101、60及20 kPa运行压力时的水温及淡水产率,对其性能进行评估。结果表明负压运行可使蒸馏系统产水率提高到常压运行时的3倍以上,同时可提升装置对热能的利用效率。此外,数据表明真空辅助技术应用于小型淡化装置时,电能消耗较低,操作压力为60及20 kPa时,真空泵每小时耗电量分别约为0.00035及0.009 kWh。结合实验数据对2~5级管式蒸馏器的能量利用效率进行估算,当热源温度为70℃时,5级蒸馏器性能系数在60 kPa负压下可达3.79。An improved two-effect tubular desalination device is designed and manufactured.It can work under vacuum and be driven by low-temperature heat sources such as solar energy.The freshwater yield and water temperature of the proposed device were tested with heat sources of 44 and 62℃under different operating pressure including 101,60,and 20 kPa.The results show that the vacuum operation can increase the water production rate of the distillation system to more than three times compared with that at normal pressure,and improve the energy utilization efficiency.The vacuum pump consumes very little electricity,i.e.,the hourly power consumption of the pump at 60 and 20 k Pa is approximately 0.00035 and 0.009 kWh,respectively.Energy utilization efficiencies of stills with 2-5 effects are also estimated in this paper.It is shown that theoretical performance ratio of a five-effect tubular solar still can reach up to 3.79 under 60 kPa vacuum pressure with a heating resource of 70℃.

关 键 词：太阳能 脱盐 蒸馏 管式 负压 能耗 海水淡化 

分 类 号：P747.1[天文地球—海洋科学]