304H不锈钢冷拔过程马氏体转变和力学及磁性能变化规律  

Evolution of mechanical and magnetic properties and martensite transformation during cold drawing of 304H stainless steel

作　　者：徐钦华 彭志贤 李明扬 袁泽喜[2] 朱建新 宗永 李超群 刘静[2] XU Qin-hua;PENG Zhi-xian;LI Ming-yang;YUAN Ze-xi;ZHU Jian-xin;ZONG Yong;LI Chao-qun;LIU Jing(Jiangyin Fasten Hopesun Stainless Steel Products Co.,Ltd.,Jiangyin 214429,China;The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]江阴法尔胜泓昇不锈钢制品有限公司,江苏江阴214429 [2]武汉科技大学省部共建耐火材料与冶金国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2020年第7期130-138,共9页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51871171);江苏省科技成果转化专项重大产业创新专题(BA2018047)。

摘　　要：利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、磁通计、X射线衍射仪、拉伸试验机及维氏硬度计等,对在线拉拔工艺制备的不同变形量的304H奥氏体不锈钢进行微观组织观察和力学性能及磁性能测试。结果表明,随着形变量增加,304H不锈钢组织发生明显细化,且其强度及硬度显著升高。当材料真应变小于1.2时,钢丝拉拔强度的贡献来源于位错的塞积和形变孪晶;当真应变大于1.2时,钢丝拉拔强度变化主要归结于马氏体相变和位错增殖机制。304H奥氏体不锈钢的马氏体转变为γ-fcc→α’-bcc型转变,无中间相生成。形变诱导产生的马氏体相是304H不锈钢中主要的铁磁相,马氏体相体积分数fM与钢丝饱和磁化强度Ms呈线性关系Ms=99fM-2.9。The microstructure observation,mechanical properties and magnetic properties tests of 304 H austenitic stainless steel prepared by drawing process with different deformation amount were carried out by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),magnetic flux-meter,X-ray diffractometer(XRD),tensile testing machine and Vickers hardness tester.The results show that the microstructure of 304 H stainless steel is significantly refined with the increase of deformation amount,and the strength and hardness rise significantly.When the true strain of the material is less than 1.2,the contribution of steel wire drawing strength comes from dislocation intercalation and deformation twins;when the true strain is more than 1.2,the change of steel wire drawing strength is mainly attributed to martensite transformation and dislocation propagation mechanism.The martensite transformation of 304 H austenitic stainless steel is aγ-fcc→α’-bcc type transition without formation of intermediate phase.The martensite phase induced by deformation is the main ferromagnetic phase in304 H stainless steel,and the volume fraction of martensitic phase fMis linear with the saturation magnetization Msof the steel wire,Ms=99 fM-2.9.

关 键 词：304H奥氏体不锈钢 形变诱导马氏体相变 饱和磁化强度 力学性能 冷拔 

分 类 号：TG35[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]