中国香港验潮站1962-2017年水位相对变化分析  

Analysis of Relative Water Level Variations in Hong Kong,China from 1962 to 2017

作　　者：刘聚 暴景阳 许军 周唯 LIU Ju;BAO Jingyang;XU Jun;ZHOU Wei(Operational Software and Simulation Research Institute,Dalian Naval Academy,Dalian 116018,China; School of Geodesy and Geomatics,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China; Departmentof Hydrography and Cartography,Dalian Naval Academy,Dalian 116018,China;91550 Troops,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]海军大连舰艇学院作战软件与仿真研究所,辽宁大连116018 [2]武汉大学测绘学院,湖北武汉430079 [3]海军大连舰艇学院军事海洋与测绘系,辽宁大连116018 [4]91550部队,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（信息科学版）》2020年第7期1065-1072,共8页Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41074002,41501500)。

摘　　要：利用1962-2017年验潮站水位观测数据,对中国香港的海平面、潮汐调和常数等水位变化特征量进行了确定与统计分析。结果显示,香港海域验潮站海平面相对变化速率差异明显。1962-2017年间,鲗鱼涌站长周期分潮逐年调和分析结果稳定性差,除数据质量的因素外,厄尔尼诺显现对长周期分潮的变化有影响作用;全日潮与半日潮分潮调和常数较稳定,但在2004-2008年间M2、O1、K1分潮振幅小于往年,分析表明与潮差变化一致;理论最低潮面与最低天文潮面均呈上升的变化趋势,变化速率分别为0.18 mm/a、0.27 mm/a,香港目前使用的海图基准较理论最低潮面和最低天文潮面相对保守。Utilizing the data of water level, observed by tide gauges in Hong Kong, China from 1962-2017, the variation of sea level, tidal harmonic constants and other character values of water level in the sea area are determined and analyzed in this paper. The results show that the average changing rate of mean sea level is 1.06 mm/a, however, both the trend and scale of each tide gauge’ s mean sea level changing rate are different. For example, the rate of Chi Ma Wan is(-3.85 ± 0.61) mm/a, while the rate of Waglan Island is(4.12 ± 0.76) mm/a and the the rate of Tsim Bei Tsui is(0.32 ± 0.32) mm/a. From 1962 to 2017,Saand Ssa of Quarry Bay, calculated annually, have poor stability, and the changing trends of harmonic constants of shallow water constituents are obvious relatively. Diurnal and semidiurnal constituents are nearly stable, but in 2004―2008 the amplitudes of M2, O1 and K1 vary from other years. The level of lowest normal low water and lowest astronomical tide increase in the rate of 0.18 mm/a and 0.27 mm/a respectively.

关 键 词：海平面变化 调和常数 深度基准 水位相对变化 香港验潮站 

分 类 号：P229[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]