重庆地区新收集烟草种质资源的鉴定评价与整理编目  

Evaluation and Cataloguing of Newly Collected Tobacco Germplasm Resources in Chongqing,China

作　　者：刘国祥 李媛 吕洪坤 杨爱国[1] 冯全福[1] 戴培刚[1] 佟英[1] 张兴伟[1] LIU Guo-xiang;LI Yuan;LV Hong-kun;YANG Ai-guo;FENG Quan-fu;DAI Pei-gang;TONG Ying;ZHANG Xing-wei(Institute of Tobacco Research of CAAS,Qingdao 266101;Haikou Cigar Research Institute Hainan Provincial Branch of China National Tobacco Corporation,Haikou 571100)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,青岛266101 [2]中国烟草总公司海南省公司海口雪茄研究所,海口571100

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2020年第4期896-907,共12页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-TRIC01);农作物种质资源保护与利用专项(2020NWB038);国家作物种质资源库(NCGRC-2020-18);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2017 BC022);中国烟草总公司海南省公司科技计划项目(201846000024055);中国烟草总公司四川省公司科技项目(SCYC201903);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610232019008)。

摘　　要：为将"第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动"重庆项目组收集到的63份烟草种质资源入国家种质资源库进行编目和保存,对其进行田间鉴定和拍照记录。形态特征和主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析表明,供试种质的数量性状和质量性状遗传多样性丰富,质量性状以叶形的多样性指数最高,数量性状中叶长、叶宽和茎围的多样性指数较高。聚类分析将新收集烟草种质资源分为4个类群,其中第Ⅰ类群以黄花烟为主,第Ⅲ类群的植株最高、叶片最大,可用于高产育种。主要病毒病的抗性鉴定发现,有11份种质TMV和CMV的抗性均较强,其中2份种质对TMV免疫且高抗CMV,可用于抗病育种。另外,通过田间表型和SSR分子标记对拟编目资源进行鉴定整理,剔除了重复的种质资源。因此,烟草种质资源的普查收集工作对于丰富国家烟草种质资源库和新品种选育具有重大意义。In order to catalog and preserve 63 tobacco germplasm accessions,which were collected by Chongqing Project Group in a frame of the Third National Survey and Collection Action on Crop Germplasm Resources,we conducted the field experiments for identifying the phenotypic and marker-assisted genetic diversity.Morphological characteristics and main agronomic traits were surveyed and analyzed.These tested germplasm accessions represented abundant genetic diversity at both quantitative traits and qualitative traits.Specially for qualitative traits,leaf shape had the highest diversity index,followed by leaf length,leaf width and stem girth.Clustering analysis suggested four groups of these newly-collected tobacco germplasm accessions.The germplasms resided to the first group were mainly rustica,while the germplasms from the third group showed higher plant height and bigger leaves with a potential for high-yield breeding.Tests for disease resistance indicated that 11 accessions were resistant to TMV and CMV.Particularly,two of them were free of TMV infection and highly resistant to CMV,which could be used for disease resistance breeding.By taking use of field phenotypic datasets and genotyping results using SSR markers,the germplasm accessions showing identical were excluded for cataloglization and conservation into the National Bank of Tobacco Germplasm Resources.Therefore,survey and collection of tobacco germplasm resources is of great significance,in order to enrich the genetic diversity of Tobacco Germplasm Resources and benefit for tobacco breeding.

关 键 词：烟草 种质资源 遗传多样性 分子鉴定 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]