平欧杂种榛良种‘辽榛1号’的选育  

Breeding report of an new improved cultivar of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnuts ‘Liaozhen 1’

作　　者：马庆华[1,3,4] 梁维坚 解明[2,3,4] 郑金利 赵天田[1,3,4] 梁丽松 王道明[2,3,4] 王贵禧 MA Qinghua;LIANG Weijian;XIE Ming;ZHENG Jinli;ZHAO Tiantian;LIANG Lisong;WANG Daoming;WANG Guixi(Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry/Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091,China;Economic Forestry Research Institute of Liaoning Province,Dalian 116031,Liaoning,China;Hazelnut Engineering and Technical Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091,China;National Hazelnut Industry Innovation Alliance of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所·国家林业和草原局森林培育重点实验室,北京100091 [2]辽宁省经济林研究所,辽宁大连116031 [3]国家林业草原榛子工程技术研究中心,北京100091 [4]榛子产业国家创新联盟,北京100091

出　　处：《果树学报》2020年第8期1268-1270,共3页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所专项资金(CAFYBB2017ZA004-9);林业公益性行业科研专项(201304710);“十一五”国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD01A1701)。

摘　　要：‘辽榛1号’是平榛和欧洲榛(Corylus heterophylla Fisch.×Corylus avellana L.)的种间杂交后代,兼具亲本果大、丰产、出仁率高、果仁饱满、适应性强的特点。该品种树势强壮,丰产性强,山东安丘8月上旬成熟,辽宁大连9月上旬成熟。坚果椭圆形,灰褐色;单果质量2.5 g,果壳厚度1.3 mm,出仁率43%;果仁饱满、光洁,脱皮率70%。脂肪含量58.14%,可溶性蛋白含量5.33%。该品种抗寒越冬性中等,耐干热能力较强,可在年平均气温10℃以上地区栽培,不宜在干旱、半干旱地区栽培。该品种适宜作为带壳烤制型品种发展,授粉品种为‘平欧15号’‘平欧33号’‘平欧545号’,等。Corylus heterophylla Fisch.is one of the 8 wild hazelnut species native to China,has high cold resistance and strong adaptability,and some defections such as small nut size,thick shell and low yield.C.avellana L.is the most cultivated species in the world with the advantages of big nut size,thin shell and high yield.But this species is not suitable for the climate conditions of many places in China.Since 1980 s,the cross-breeding has been explored in China by using superior selections of C.heterophylla Fisch.as female parent and the mixed pollen from the advanced seedlings of C.avellana L.as male parent.The series of candidates of hybrid hazelnuts,named Ping’ou in Chinese,were selected,which had the characteristics of big nut size,high kernel percentage,high yield,and strong adaptability.The promotion and application of the new cultivars of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnut were carried out since 2000.Now there are about 15 main cultivars of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnut released in China.’Liaozhen 1’was hybrid in 1984,first selected in 1988 and named in 2001 with the breeding number of 84-349.The trees of’Liaozhen 1’are of vigor and productive.The nuts can be harvest at the beginning of August in Anqiu,Shandong province and at the beginning of September in Dalian,Liaoning province.Nuts of’Liaozhen 1’are oval in shape,gray in color,large in size(2.5 g),with the thin shells(1.3 mm)and 43%kernel percentage in weight.Kernels have glabrous pellicles with 70%blanched after baking.The nut contents of fat and soluble protein are 58.14%and 5.33%,respectively.The trees of’Liaozhen 1’show moderate resistance to cold and strong resistance to dry-hot environment.’Liaozhen 1’can be cultivated in the area in China where the annual average temperature is higher than 10℃,but is not suitable for the arid region and the semi-arid region.’Liaozhen 1’is one of the best cultivars of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnuts that can be used for the in-shell market at present.The plants of Corylus have the trait of self-incompatibili

关 键 词：榛 良种 ‘辽榛1号’ 适应性 

分 类 号：S664.4[农业科学—果树学]